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宮內(nèi)感染的病原學(xué)診斷(編輯修改稿)

2025-03-28 15:32 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 s mainly the result of primary maternal CMV infection which carries a risk of transmission varying from 24% to 75% (mean value 40%) 。 ?Cases of CMV transmission due to nonprimary infection have been reported in 1–% of cases, . at a much lower rate than those resulting from primary infection。 ([Fowler et al., 1992] CMV的母 嬰傳播途徑 ?孕婦 CMV 感染的診斷; ?胎兒 CMV 宮內(nèi) 感染的診斷; CMV 宮內(nèi)感染的診斷 病原學(xué)診斷 : 目前從血、分泌物、體液等標(biāo)本中分離培養(yǎng)出病毒仍是診斷 HCMV 感染的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 ① PCR法; ② 病毒培養(yǎng)法 。 孕婦血清抗體水平的檢測 ; 血清 CMV特異性抗體的亞類鑒定; IgG與 IgM 血清抗體的親和力測定; 孕婦 CMV 感染的診斷 CMV特異性細(xì)胞免疫功能測定 ? 胎兒超聲學(xué)檢查: 胎兒 CMV 感染后可有超聲學(xué)異常表現(xiàn) ,如胎兒生長受限、腦室腫大、腹水、顱內(nèi)鈣化和羊水量異常 (通常為羊水過少 ) 等; ? 羊膜腔穿刺: CMV 宮內(nèi)感染時(shí) ,病毒??衫奂疤耗I臟并在其中復(fù)制 ,含有 CMV 的脫落細(xì)胞可隨胎兒尿液進(jìn)入羊水中 ,故羊水中檢出 CMV 或其基因片段; ? 臍靜脈穿刺: 孕 20 周后可在超聲引導(dǎo)下行臍靜脈穿刺,所得胎血除可做病原體分離、基因擴(kuò)增、特異性 IgM抗體檢測外 ,還可進(jìn)行病毒定量和其它非特異指標(biāo)的分析 ,包括血紅蛋白、血小板、嗜酸性細(xì)胞數(shù)等血液學(xué)指標(biāo)、轉(zhuǎn)氨酶等生化指標(biāo); 胎兒 CMV 宮內(nèi)感染的診斷 固相膜免疫檢測 CMV的防治現(xiàn)狀 Vaccine。 ? Vaccine。 Active vaccines have included live attenuated virus, killed virus vaccine, and rebinant vaccines; ? There are currently twoCMVvaccines in phase II is the CMV gB/MF59 vaccine which is disulfidelinked glycoprotein plex (gB) with 130 and 55 kDa ponents; ? The other vaccine in human trials is the Towne strain. It is a live attenuated vaccine used extensively in clinical trials and is safe; ?Passive Immunization during Pregnancy for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection。 ?Passive immunization which includes both hyperimmune sera and sera raised against the gB glycoprotein ofgpCMV has also been effective at reducing pup mortality and/or
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