危險性分析的原則及其在食品安全中的應用(1)(編輯修改稿)
2025-03-23 12:42 本頁面
【文章內容簡介】 ferent opinions on methods or outputs of assessment, eg., using “ As low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) ” for contaminants ? 對專家評價方法或結果有不同看法，如污染物達到盡可能低的水平 ? 黃曲霉毒素（總量、 B M1） ? When there is scientifically uncertainty ? 當存在科學不確定性時 ? 食品中的單增李斯特菌（〈 100cfu/g） ? 氯丙醇 21 ? JECFA， Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives ? FAO/WHO聯(lián)合食品添加劑專家委員會 ? JMPR， Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues ? FAO/WHO聯(lián)合農藥殘留專家委員會 ? JEMRA, Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Microbiological Risk Assessment ? FAO/WHO聯(lián)合微生物危險性評估專家咨詢委員會 22 FAO/WHO專家咨詢組織與 CAC有關委員會關系 Relationship between expert consultation and Codex relevant mittees 專家咨詢（評估） 制定標準（管理） Expert consultation Standard formulation (assessment) (management) JECFA CCFAC CCRVDF JMPR CCPR JEMRA CCFH 23 FAO/WHO activities on risk analysis FAO/WHO召開的危險性分析專家咨詢會議 1995 Expert Consultation on Risk Analysis and Food Safety ? 危險性分析與食品安全 1997 Expert Consultation on Risk Management and Food Safety ? 危險性管理與食品安全 1998 Expert Consultation on the Application of Risk Communication to Food Standards and Safety Matters ? 危險性信息交流在食品標準和安全中的應用 24 1999 Expert Consultation on Risk Assessment of Microbiological Hazards in Foods ? 食品中微生物危害的危險性評估 2023 Expert Consultation on Interaction between Risk assessors and risk managers of Microbiological Hazards in Food ? 食品中微生物危害的危險性評估者與管理者間的相互作用 2023 Expert Consultation on Exposure Assessment of Microbiological Hazards in foods ? 食品中微生物危害的暴露評估 2023 Expert Consultation on Incorporating Quantitative Risk Assessment in the Development of Microbiological Food Hygiene Standards ? 運用定量微生物危險性評估制訂食品衛(wèi)生標準 25 危險性評估 (專家 ) 添加劑 — ADI Risk Assessment 污染物 — PTWI 獸藥殘留 — ADI 危險性管理 (政府 ) 添加劑 — 范圍 ,用量 Risk Management 污染物 — 限量 危險性管理 (政府 ) 獸藥殘留 — 限量 Risk Management JECFA CCFAC Relationship between JECFA and CCFAC or CCRVD CCRVD 26 CCFAC JECFA Example: Aflatoxin B1 ? 1994, CCFAC asked JECFA: (26th Session) to provide estimates of the toxicological potency of aflatoxins and to derive estimates of the potential risks for different populations ? 1996, JECFA (46th meeting): Aflatoxins were considered ? 1997, JECFA (49th meeting): Aflatoxins were carried over 27 Quantitative risk assessment at 49th JECFA Meeting in 1997 JECFA 49次會議的定量危險性評價 致癌作用強度： ? HBsAg(＋ ) : /年 /10萬人 / ng AF/ kg bw/天 ? HBsAg (－ ) : /年 /10萬人 /ng AF/kg bw/天 ? 人群危險度 = 作用強度 攝入量 28 例 1. HBsAg(＋ ) 1%。 歐洲污染水平 /歐洲膳食結構
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