【文章內容簡介】 shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom window. I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said,39。 I don39。t think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.39。I looked down and nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman. I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, 39。I enjoy cleaning windows at night.39。39。So do I,39。 answered the policeman in the same tone. 39。Excuse my interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when he39。s busy working, but would you mind ing with me to the station ?39。 39。Well, I39。d prefer to stay here,39。 I said. 39。You see, I39。ve forgotten my key.39。39。Your what ?39。 he called.39。My key,39。 I shouted.39。 Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife who opened the window just as the policeman had started to climb towards me.Lesson93 A noble gift 崇高的禮物One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to plete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall, had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.Lesson94 Future champions 未來的冠軍Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children bee expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water, It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Tricycles are lined up on theXX縣二十萬畝毛竹低產林改造建設項目 可行性報告XX縣二十萬畝毛竹低產林改造項目可行性報告一、其實實施的必要性的可行性XX縣是XX地區(qū)重點產竹大縣，立竹量4283萬根，毛竹資源占全區(qū)1/3有余。縣委、縣政府根據市場經濟規(guī)律要求，立足縣情，為加快我縣特色農業(yè)的發(fā)展，制定了以毛竹為主導產業(yè)的發(fā)展方略，充分發(fā)揮本地毛竹資源優(yōu)勢，變資源優(yōu)勢為經濟優(yōu)勢，確?！吧缴显僭臁惫こ添樌麑嵤?。氣候適宜，基地建設區(qū)屬中亞熱帶溫濕性氣候，℃—℃，年降雨量2000mm左右，無霜期233天，日照時間充足，雨量充沛，適用毛竹生長。立地條件好，資源面積連片，便于科技推廣和集約經營。山場土層深厚，腐殖質含量高，肥力等級好，適宜建立毛竹豐產林某地。社會條件優(yōu)越，基地區(qū)內勞力充足，人多田少，靠山吃山，勞力投入有保障。而且該區(qū)內群眾有很高的積極性并有豐富的經營毛竹的經驗，交通便利都利于毛竹資源的開發(fā)?？h竹地板廠、武夷山竹業(yè)有限公司等竹制品加工廠需消耗大量的毛竹，為我縣毛竹增值創(chuàng)造了有利條件。二、基地建設經濟指標和實施年限基地建設具有“投資少、見效快、效益好”的特點，通過人工豐產林技術改造，某地內現在畝均106根增加到200根，基地建成后，畝年均產值達600元以上的豐產林標準。20萬畝毛竹豐產林分三批實施，即2002年7萬畝，2003年7萬畝，2004年6萬畝。基地建設單位、面積、實施年度表單位：畝單 位現有毛竹面積年度實施面積200220032004合 計367280700007000060000篁 碧24690470047004000天柱山46810900090008000武夷山鎮(zhèn)60000120001200010000黃崗山鎮(zhèn)32000600060005000英 將44730800080007300紫 溪10150200020001600港 東27210500050004400楊 林13230250025002100稼 軒14640280028002400太 源20760400040003400陳 坊47130900090007600湖 坊25930500050004200三、組織管理和主要技術措施(1)本項目主管單位為XX縣林業(yè)局。(2)毛竹豐產林基地建設項目負責人為施工負責人為各單位鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))長；技術隊伍由縣林業(yè)局和林業(yè)工作站成員組成。(3)項目郊外籌集單位為XX縣林業(yè)局，由林業(yè)局統一爭取投資和貸款，然后轉資和轉貸，給承擔實施項目任務的鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))。林業(yè)局與各鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))采取租賃聯營或其它的補償貿易形式實行“共同改造、共擔風險、效益分析”的原則，確?；亟ǔ沙鲂?。(1)劈山：即每年67月，全面清理林內的雜灌和雜草，伐蔸要求不超過10cm，同時砍除細弱竹、畸形竹、病蟲竹、為梢竹等踐次毛竹以提高林分質量。(2)墾復：每隔兩年全墾一次，時間在78月，要求坡度25度以下的山場進行；松土深約1520cm，挖除林地內的樹樁、竹蔸、老鞭，促進土壤改良，提高蓄水蓄肥能力。對坡度超過25度的山場則采取帶狀墾復的方法進行。(3)施肥：竹林施肥，最好以餅肥或豬、牛糞肥為主。每畝施豬、牛糞肥約5001000公斤，施有機肥應結合墾復，采用溝施、穴施均可，施后即蓋土。溝施深度2530cm，每畝需尿素20公斤為宜，磷肥50公斤。另外每年23月發(fā)芽期和78月妥筍期，應分別施12次速效催芽肥和排芽肥即按氮:磷:鉀為5:1:2效果更好。有條件的地方，可在林地上鋪蓋稻草、谷殼、鋸末等覆蓋物，以提高林地內溫濕度，促進發(fā)筍期提前和發(fā)筍量增多，從而達到提高竹地經濟效益。(覆蓋時間宜在12月上、中旬，要求林內氣溫低于30℃，否則及時拿走覆蓋物)。(4)合理疏筍伐竹，基地建設期間，以旺竹為主，嚴禁挖筍。當立竹度達200根/畝左右，則保留發(fā)筍高峰期的筍留作母竹，其它早期筍、后期筍以及過密筍都應挖去，每畝需均勻留母竹40株，行竹采伐以調整林分年齡結構和疏密度為主，每年采伐量需同留母竹保持平衡。采伐要求：砍小留大、砍老留新、砍密留稀、砍病蟲竹留健壯竹，形成林分一、二、三度竹均勻比例緣木求魚，使竹林發(fā)展進入良性循環(huán)。四、投資概算和資金來源毛竹豐產林建設需經過劈山，墾復、施肥等過程，按現行物價計算改造1畝竹林需投資200元，改造20萬畝，則共需投資4000萬元。每畝用工及投資概算表合計劈 山墾 復施 肥投肥金額開設林道防火道病蟲害防治費工日金額工日金額工日金額20023046011565255說明：每個工日工資按15元計算資金來源一是中央財政支持1000萬元，地方配套1000萬元，銀行貸款1000萬元。二是自籌資金1000萬元，自籌資金主要靠投工形式解決。五、效益分析(1)產出效益根據毛竹林產出效益的特殊性，每年都實現可觀經濟效益，現將前十年的產出效益(其中減去開始二年不能實現效益年)預算如下：①毛竹每年可新增30根/畝，按市場價8元/根計算；新增產值=20萬畝30根/畝8元/根10年=4800萬元②春筍每年可產筍80斤/畝，計算新增產值=20萬畝80萬/畝。③冬筍每年可新產筍10斤/畝，按市場平均價1元/斤，則新增產值=20萬畝10斤/畝1元/斤=200萬元。產出效益=①+②+③=5400萬元(2)成本支出①勞力投入：每畝投工7個，每工時按15元計算，則折款為20萬畝7日/畝15元/日=2100萬元。②投肥支出：每畝施尿素20公斤，按2元/公斤計算，施放磷肥50公斤，而農家肥覆蓋物共折5元/畝，投影折款為：20萬元(20公斤/2畝2元/公斤＋50公斤/畝+5元/畝)=1300萬元③新增毛竹采運工資按10根/畝且每根2元工資計算，則總采運工資為20萬畝10根/畝2元/根=400萬元。④新增春筍挖、運工資按每畝40斤，工資總計160萬元。⑤新增冬筍挖、運工資按每畝10斤，工資總計300萬元。⑥貸款利息1000萬元銀行貸款，%年利計算，則年利息=1000%=81萬元成本支出=①+②+③+④+⑤+⑥=4341萬元(3)凈利潤年凈利潤=Σ產出Σ支出 =5400萬元4341萬元 =1059萬元(4)投資收益率=凈利潤/投資總額100% =1059萬元/4000萬元100% =%(5)投資回收期=投資總額/凈利潤 =4000萬元/1059萬元=即投資回收期為4年。按每工日15元計算，每年總共可安置勞力數為20萬畝9工/畝＋(毛竹采運+春筍挖運+冬筍挖運)247。15元/畝=263萬個。則按每人每年工作日為350天計算，且人均年收入5440元。建立20萬畝速生毛竹豐產林基地，不但經濟效益顯著，林農收入穩(wěn)定；而且具有涵養(yǎng)水源，保持水土的作用，尤其是對當前日趨惡劣的自然災害有一定積極作用?？傊?，毛竹豐產林基地一旦建成，不僅能為我縣帶來可觀的經濟效益，更能帶來無法估量的社會效益和生態(tài)效益，因此，該項目是切實可行的。various parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth39。s steam hammer. Though in those days, travelling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. There we