【文章內容簡介】 R液晶顯示步進電機運行狀態(tài)，其效果比用數碼管顯示要更加明了，也更容易讀取相關狀態(tài)和數據。液晶上顯示有電機運行的狀態(tài)、當前 步數 、運行方向以及其運轉速度。其顯示原理如下圖 42： 圖 42 液晶顯示流程圖 正反轉流程圖 步進電機的正反轉用 K K2控制，初始化電機為順時針轉，即“》”， 每當按下 K4鍵，電機轉向改變，具體流程圖如下圖 43： 啟動與停止流程圖 啟動與停止是用 K1鍵來 控制的，初始化標志位 on_off==0,檔按下 K1，即將 on_off置 1，每當按下 k1,都將在啟動與停止間切換，具體流程圖如下圖 44： 圖 44 啟動與停止流程圖 第 4 章 硬件設計 硬件的設計與選取 步進電機的驅動 步進電機的驅動采用 ULN2020，接到單片機的 ~，具體如 圖 51： 圖 51 步進電機驅動及其接口圖 單片機的選取 目前市面上的通用型單片機種類很多，且適合不同應用場合的新產品不斷出現，但目前的應用狀況，以 8位中檔 MCS51系列單片機的應用最為普遍。基于這次課程設計的要求不高，我們可以選用 51系列或 52系列單片機，其有可靠性高，易于擴展以及實用性好等特點，完全可以滿足我們的控制要求。 液晶 LCD1602 顯示模塊 P0接液晶的數據傳送口， ~。 其接線圖如下圖 53： 圖 53 液晶與單片機接口原理圖 硬件的總體電路連接 圖 55 總體原理圖 第 5 章 設計程序 設計程序 include////// // 這個的關鍵在于 adc0808的接線特別是 0808的輸出高地位不要搞錯了，一開始搞錯了 include include //Keil library include //Keil library define LCD_databus P0 //LCD12864的 8位數據口 define uint unsigned int define uchar unsigned char sbit EN=P2^2。 //down wr high rd sbit RS=P2^0。 //di high dat low sbit RW=P2^1。 //high rd low wr sbit CS2=P2^3。 // sbit CS1=P2^4。 sbit key1=P3^0。 sbit key2=P3^1。 //sbit key3=P3^2。 sbit key3=P3^3。 sbit key4=P3^4。 sbit key5=P3^5。 uchar ii。 uint num=60。 // 1 to 208 uint sudu。// uint bushu。// uchar *temp。 uchar flag。 uint shuju。 unsigned char code tabz[8]={0xfe,0xfc,0xfd,0xf9,0xfb,0xf3,0xf7,0xf6}。 //正轉 unsigned char code tabf[8]={0xf6,0xf7,0xf3,0xfb,0xf9,0xfd,0xfc,0xfe}。 //反轉 unsigned char code time[][16]={ 0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0, 0x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1, 0x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2, 0x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3, 0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4, 0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5, 0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6, 0x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7, 0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8, 0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9, 0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,/*r,0*/ 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*/,0*/ 0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,/*m,0*/ 0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,/*i,0*/ 0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,/*n,0*/ 0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,/*b,0*/ 0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,/*z,0*/ 0x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00, /* 文字 : : */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =8x16 */ 0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00, // 0xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% // 0xE3,0x13,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x07,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x08,0x00//C /* 文字 : K */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =8x16 */ 0x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,/*f,19*/ }。 uchar code HZ[][32]={ /* 文字 : 盧 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xE4,0x04,0x00,0x00, 0x80,0x40,0x30,0x0F,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00, /* 文字 : 超 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x40,0x48,0x48,0x48,0xFF,0x48,0x48,0x42,0xA2,0x9E,0x82,0xA2,0xC2,0xBE,0x00,0x00, 0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x20,0x7F,0x44,0x44,0x40,0x4F,0x48,0x48,0x48,0x48,0x4F,0x40,0x00, /* 文字 : 望 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x45,0x46,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x80,0x7E,0x2A,0xAA,0x2A,0xFE,0x00,0x00, 0x80,0x82,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xFF,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x82,0x80,0x00, 0x00,0xFE,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0xF2,0x12,0x1A,0xD6,0x12,0x12,0xFB,0x12,0x00, 0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x1F,0x00,0x7F,0x80,0x8F,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x4F,0x80,0x00, 0x40,0x42,0x44,0xCC,0x00,0x08,0xE9,0x0A,0x0C,0xF8,0x0C,0x0A,0xE9,0x08,0x00,0x00, 0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x47,0x62,0x52,0x4F,0x42,0x42,0x47,0x60,0x20,0x00, 0x04,0x34,0xC4,0x04,0xC4,0x3C,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,0x00, 0x10,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x82,0x8C,0x40,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x10,0x60,0xC0,0x40,0x00, //歡, 5 0x40,0x42,0x44,0xC8,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x02,0x82,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFE,0x04,0x00, 0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x47,0x42,0x41,0x40,0x7F,0x40,0x42,0x44,0x63,0x20,0x00, 0x40,0x20,0xF8,0x07,0x04,0xF4,0x14,0x14,0x14,0xFF,0x14,0x14,0x14,0xF6,0x04,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x43,0x45,0x29,0x19,0x17,0x21,0x21,0x41,0xC3,0x40,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFF,0x02,0x00,0x00, 0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x7F,0x02,0x02,0x42,0x82,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00, /* 文字 : 姓 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x10,0x10,0xF0,0x1F,0x10,0xF0,0x40,0x3C,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00, 0x40,0x22,0x15,0x08,0x16,0x21,0x40,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7F,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x40,0x00, /* 文字 : 名 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的 點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x00,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x14,0x67,0x84,0x44,0x24,0x14,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, 0x04,0x04,0x04,0x02,0xFE,0x43,0x43,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00, /* 文字 : 學 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x40,0x30,0x11,0x96,0x90,0x90,0x91,0x96,0x90,0x90,0x98,0x14,0x13,0x50,0x30,0x00, 0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x44,0x84,0x7E,0x06,0x05,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00, /* 文字 : 號 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點陣為：寬 x高 =16x16 */ 0x80,0x80,0x80,0xBE,0xA2,0xA2,0xA2,0xA2,0xA2,0xA2,0xA2,0xBE,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x05,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x44,0x84,0x44,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, /* 文字 : 電 */ /* 宋體 12。 此字體下對應的點