跨文化交際學(xué)考試名詞解釋(編輯修改稿)
2025-09-05 14:05 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ctronic, or the light and sound waves of the facetoface munication.Noise干擾The term noise technically refers to anything that distorts the message the source encodes.Receiver交際接受The receiver is the person who attends to the message.Decoding解碼Decoding is the opposite process of encoding and just as much an active process. The receiver is actively involved in the munication process by assigning meaning to the symbols received.Receiver response接受反應(yīng)The receiver is the person who attends to the message. Receiver response refers to anything the receiver does after having attended to and decoded the message.Feedback反饋Feedback refers to that portion of the receiver response of which the source has knowledge and to which the source attends and assigns meaning.Context場(chǎng)景The final ponent of munication is context. Generally, context can be defined as the environment in which the munication takes place and which helps define the munication.13. Pragmatics語用學(xué): the study of the effect that language has on human perceptions and behavior.14. Semantics語義學(xué)：a system that associates words to meaning. It is the study of the meaning of words.15. Denotation：the literal meaning or definition of a word the explicit, particular, defined meaning. 16. Connotation：the suggestive meaning of a word all the values, judgment, and beliefs implied by a word the historical and associative accretion of the unspoken significance behind the literal meaning.17. Taboo禁忌語：refers to some objects, words or actions that are avoided by a particular group of people, or in certain culture for religious or social reasons. 18. Euphemism委婉語：means the act of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive.19. Chronemics（時(shí)間學(xué)）：The study of how people perceive and use time. 20. Proxemics（空間學(xué)）： refers to the perception and use of space.21. kinesics（肢體語言）：The study of body language . 22. Paralanguage(副語言)：Involving sounds but not word and lying between verbal and nonverbal munication . 23. Monochronic time一元時(shí)間觀念: means paying attention to and doing only one thing at a time.24. Polychronic time多元時(shí)間觀念: means being involved with many things at once25. Planetary culture行星文化: is explored, which integrates Eastern mysticism with Western science and rationalism. personhood(跨文化人格)：Represents someone whose cognitive, affective, and behavioral characteristics are not limited but open to growth beyond the psychological parameters of his or her own culture.1. What are the four trends that lead to the development of the global village？ P8~9Four trends that lead to the development of the global village: Convenient transportation systems/ Innovative munication systems/ Economic globalization/Widespread migrations2. What are the three aspects where cultural differences exist?Verbal difference: language, thought patterns…Nonverbal munication: bodylanguage, time concept, spacious language, paralanguage, environment…Perception: values, worldviews, beliefs, attitudes3. What are three ingredients of culture? 文化的三個(gè)成分（three Ingredients）P5~6An shared artifact（the material and spiritual products people produce）shared Behavior（what they do）shared Concepts（beliefs, values, world views……what they think）4. How to understand cultural Iceberg?P6~7Like an iceberg what we can see about culture is just the tip of the iceberg。 the majority of it is intangible, beyond sight. and the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said ninetenth of culture is below the surface. (Just as an iceberg which has a visible section above the waterline and a larger invisible section below the waterline, culture has some aspects that are observable and others that can only be suspected and imagined. Also like an iceberg, the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said ninetenth of culture is below the surface. (P7))5. What are the tour characteristics of culture? Dynamic/ shared/ learned/ ethnocentricCulture is shared. All munications take place by m
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