非謂語動(dòng)詞(復(fù)習(xí)to-do和doing-介紹done。接著是高考練習(xí))(編輯修改稿)
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【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞。 注意 ： I need a pen to write with.(不及物動(dòng)詞要加介詞 ) [例 4] NMET 1999 第 21題 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make. B 不定式 解析 ：因?yàn)橹髡Z是 the purpose， 在（ purpose, wish, promise, plan） 后常跟不定式，故表語要用不定式， to不能省略，因此構(gòu)成 the purpose is to… not to… do 句型，故選 B 。 不定式的 作用 不定式 不定式的 作用 在大多數(shù)的動(dòng)詞可接不定式短語做賓補(bǔ)，只有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞（五個(gè)看 see,watch,notice, observe,look at； 三使役 make,let, have。二聽 listen to,hear等）須接不帶 to 的不定式做賓補(bǔ) ,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)后 to不可省略。 例 5: You are not allowed _____ the books out. A. taking B. to taken C. take D. to take D 解析 ： allow 的用法可見 allow sb. to do和 allow doing sth. 當(dāng)被改為被動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)，為 sb. be allowed to do. 不定式 不定式的 作用 例 6： I got up early to catch the bus. He went out never to return. He is too young to go to school. I am happy to meet you. A. Adverbial of purpose B. Adverbial of result C. Adverbial of reason A B C B [例 7] NMET 1997第 12題 I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have gone D 不定式 解析： 該題考查動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語的 用法。would love(like) to 是固定搭配，因此 B、C、 不合題意。 Would love +不定式一般式，表示 “ 想，希望 ” ，而接不定式完成式則表示 “ 原本希望而未曾實(shí)現(xiàn) ” 的意思。 不定式的 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) [例 8] NMET 2022 第 14題 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjoy it. (2022) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 例如： It was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers. The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be rather difficult. 解析 ：不定式的語態(tài)取決于它和主語以及被它修飾的詞的邏輯關(guān)系 ,被動(dòng)關(guān)系用被動(dòng) . 不定式 [例 9] NMET 1996年 The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eat 解析 ： 該題考查不定式的否定式作主補(bǔ)。要注意warn后跟詞方式， ① warn sb. not to do sth. ② warn sb. against doing sth. 該題應(yīng)該用 ① 結(jié)構(gòu)另外， not 應(yīng)放在 to之前。 不定式的 否定形式 V. ing 形式 [例 ] NMET1998 European football is played in 80 countries, ___ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make A 形式主要考查其在句子中作 狀語 和 定語 的用法 Making it the popular sport in the world為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，這類分詞短語常放在句子的后面 ,ing表示順其自然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。如： 解析 His parents died, leaving him an orphan. He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed V. ing 形式 例 2 a sleeping baby a sleeping bag Ving 做定語時(shí)可以用來修飾名詞的狀態(tài)，用途，特點(diǎn)等。 boiling water boiled water an exciting game an excited man ving做定語時(shí)可以強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行以及主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，反之則用過去分詞 V. ing 形式 例 3. I fot _____ my name when I finished ____ the position. A. to sign, to writing B. to sign, writing C. signing, writing 有些動(dòng)詞后接 to do為賓語，而有些則接 ving，比如finish, sugges
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