【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 +12+4)。即以上動(dòng)詞除 let， make（ 2）外都可加現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，此外 find， catch， keep， leave 也可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 高考鏈接 （ 1）（ 2020 湖南 21） Listen! Do you hear someone ___for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called （ 2） (2020 全國(guó) Ⅱ 16) They use puters to keep the traffic smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running （ 3） (2020 江蘇 34)To learn English well， we should find opportunities to hear English A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak （ 4） (2020 全國(guó) Ⅰ 29)I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A. burning C. being burnt D. to be burnt 3. leave 后接非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，意為 “ 使 … 處于某種狀態(tài) ” 。leaveeg . It ’s wrong of you to leave the machine running .The guest left most of the dishes untouched , because they didn ’t taste delicious.He left, leaving me to do all the rest work.We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled .sb . doing sth . 讓某人一直做某事sth . undone 留下某事未作（ unfinished,unsettled ）sb . to do sth . 留下某人做某事sth . to be done. 留下某事要做不定式表示將來的動(dòng)作 8 高考鏈接(2020 天津 7)A go od sto ry do es not nec ess ari ly ha ve to ha ve a happy ending ， b ut the re a der mu st no t b e l eft.A. unsatisfie d B. unsatis fyingC. to be unsa tisfying D. being u nsatisfied4. have ， get 后不定式，分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的意思是 “ 使，讓，叫 ” 。（ 1 ） have ， ge teg . I will have /get my bik e repaired tomorrow.(2 ) h a v e sb . d o s th .g e t sb . t o d o s t h .sth . d one 使 / 讓某事由別人去做sb. /st h . doing 高考鏈接 （ 1）（ 2020 遼寧 35） Alexander tried to get his work ______in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized （ 2） (2020 福建 24)Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve is said that he has gone abroad. He is said to have gone abroad. 一個(gè)高頻結(jié)構(gòu)： sb. be said/ believed/ known/ reported/ found/ considered 等 +不定式 高考鏈接 (1)(2020 重慶 28)Leonardo da Vinci(14521519) A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought (2)(2020 遼寧 29) The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang， who was reported the world record in the 110 A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break 9 四 不定式、分詞作定語(yǔ)用法要點(diǎn)that will be built next yearThe workersthat was built last yearthat is being built nowis donated by a businessman.built last year （ done 被動(dòng) 完成）to be built （ to be done 被動(dòng) 將來）being built now （ being done 被動(dòng) 進(jìn)行）building the library （ doing 主動(dòng) 進(jìn)行）to build the library (to do 主動(dòng) 將來 )who are building the librarywho will build the libraryare the locals.The library 不定式做定語(yǔ) (1)不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置。 (2)作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞且與所修飾的名詞存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式后須有相應(yīng)的介詞。 eg. The Browns have a fortable house to live in. (3)用不定式作定語(yǔ)的 3 種情況： ① 不定式表將來。 eg. The car to be bought is for his sister. ② 用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或 no, all, any 等限定的中心詞。 eg. He was the best man to do the job. ③ 用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞時(shí)用不定式，常見的有： ability, chance, idea, fact, answer, reason， way 等。 eg. I have no chance to go sightseeing 分詞作定語(yǔ) （ 1）單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾詞之前，分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾詞之后，位置與定語(yǔ)從句一致。 （ 2）做定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞分詞 形式為：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞表正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表已完成。 eg. boiling water； boiled water falling leaves； fallen leaves changing world； changed world （ 3）現(xiàn)在分詞表明所修飾詞的特征，一般修飾物，翻譯成 “令人 … 的 ”； 過去分詞表明所修飾詞的心理感受和狀態(tài)，一般修飾人，翻譯成 “感到 … 的 ”。 eg. moving film。 moved people encouraging report。 encouraged students (2020 上海春 ) it is believed that if a book is interesting, it will surely interests the reader. （ 4）過去分詞除表示被動(dòng)和完成之外，還可表示狀態(tài)。常見： be interested in, be dressed in, be faced with, be/remain seated等 . eg. The window is broken. 高考鏈接 （ 1）（ 2020 湖 南 30） So far nobody has claimed the money in the library. A. discovered B. to be discovered 10 C. discovering D. having discovered 解題技巧：（ 1）讀題； （ 2）找到非謂語(yǔ)所修飾的名詞或代詞； （ 3）體會(huì)這個(gè)名詞或代詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系以及時(shí)態(tài)。 五作狀語(yǔ)用法 1 不定式做狀語(yǔ) （ 1）不定式做狀語(yǔ)表目的（ =in order to/so as to） eg. (2020 上海 35) It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just to have a look at the sports stars. （ 2）某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示喜怒哀樂，后跟不定式表示原因。 eg. I am very glad to see you. I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生（ A f t e r + 狀語(yǔ)從句）h a v i n g b e e n + v . ed( h a v i n g b e e n d o n e )與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行b e i n g + v . ed( b e i n g d o n e )與句中謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系v e d ( d o n e )與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生h a v i n g + v . e d ( h a v i n g d o n e )與句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，或基本上同時(shí)發(fā)生v. i n g( d o i n g )意義形式2 分詞作狀語(yǔ)（ 2020 天津 12） It rained heavily in the south, _____ serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解題技巧：（ 1）讀題，分析句子是否考察 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ) （ 2）找到句子的主語(yǔ)； （ 3）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)的總原則：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致； （ 4）體會(huì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系以及時(shí)態(tài)。 鞏固練習(xí)： 1. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV。 there are pictures ________ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed 3. The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in findin