【正文】 o t e a s y .M a s t e r i n g E n g l i s h i s n o t e a s y .1. 相同點(diǎn)：不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可以做主語，且都可以改成用“ It ” 做形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)。2. 不同點(diǎn)： （ 1 ） 不定式做主語側(cè)重表示特指的、具體的一次性動(dòng)作，特別是將來的動(dòng)作，一般用不定式表示；動(dòng)名詞做主語表示經(jīng)常性、一般性的動(dòng)作。eg . I l i k e s i n g i n g , b u t t o d a y I l i k e t o d a n c e .（ 2 ）在下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞做主語：I t i s n o t e a s y t o m a s t e r E n g l i s h . I t i s n o t e a s y m a s t e r i n g E n g l i s h . I t i s + a d j . + f o r / o f sb . t o d o s t h .It is/was 做 … 沒有好處 / 沒用eg . It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的一致性：若句子的主語和表語都是非謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)保持形式上的一致性。眼見為實(shí)：no use/goodnot any use/goodof little use/gooduseless+ doing sth .Seeing is believe.To see is to believe. 高考鏈接 (2020 北京 35)It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and better ones of your own. 5 A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced 二． 做賓語的用法要點(diǎn) 1).下列動(dòng)詞只能用 不定式 作賓語，請(qǐng)牢記下面的口訣： 決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。 主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫。 decide /determine, learn, want, expect/ hope wish。 refuse, manage, care, pretend。 offer, promise, choose, plan。 agree, ask/beg, help. 此外， afford， strive/struggle， happen， wait, threaten, arrange, fail, grow等也要用不定式做賓語 eg. We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet. 2). 下列動(dòng)詞只能用 動(dòng)名詞 做賓語，請(qǐng)牢 記下面的口訣： 考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想。 避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞。 禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。 consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon。 admit, delay/put off, fancy(想象，設(shè)想 )； avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice。 deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate。 forbid, imagine, risk。 can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape. 此外 , be accustomed/used to, lead to, devote to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to。 can’t stand； be busy (in), have difficulty/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)等動(dòng)詞詞組也要用動(dòng)名詞做賓語。 練習(xí) squirrel was so lucky that it just missed _______________.(catch) 2. I can hardly imagine Peter ___________(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. 3. I would appreciate your __________(call) back this afternoon. 4. The discovery of the new evidence let to the thief ______________.(catch) 高考鏈接 （ 1）（ 2020 江西 32） There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______. A. to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D. being discovered （ 2） (2020 上海 35) Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold （ 3） (2020 上海 39) David threatened his neighbors to the police if the damages were not paid. A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported （ 4） (2020 江西 24)I hear they’ve promoted Tom， but he didn’t mention when we talked on the phone. A. to promote C. having promoted D. to be promoted 3). 下面動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以跟動(dòng) 名詞作賓語，也可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義有區(qū)別：（ 1） fet to do (未做 )。 fet doing (已做 ) （ 2） remember to do (未做 )。 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 (已做 ) 6 （ 3） regret to do 。 regret doing （ 4） stop to do 。 stop doing （ 5） try to do sth 努力去做某事 。 try doing （ 6） mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事 。 mean doing （ 7） go on to do sth. （做完某事）繼續(xù)做另一事； go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做同一事 = go on with sth. （ 8） can’t help to do sth. 不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 練習(xí)（用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空） （ 1） She didn’t remember ___________(meet) him before. （ 2） We’ve always deeply regretted _________(sell) the house. （ 3） This dictionary can’t help __________(learn) the language. （ 4） When do you plan to leave? I mean ___________(leave) tomorrow. 高考鏈接 （ 1） (2020 陜西 12) I still remember _______to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken (2020 湖南 34)Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried alone， but she didn’t like it and moved A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived 4). 在動(dòng)詞 allow, permit, forbid, advise 后直接跟動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語，如果后面后名詞或代詞作賓語，其后用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。即： Sb to do sth Allow， permit, forbid,advise doing sth 高考鏈接： （ 2020 江蘇） Can I smoke here? Sorry. We don’t allow____ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking 5) “ 特殊疑問詞 +to do”結(jié)構(gòu) eg. I don’t know what to do. He showed us how to do the work. He has no idea of how to answer this question. where to go tomorrow has not been decided. The question is which to choose. “特殊疑問詞 +to do”可以在句中作賓語，主語，表語。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞性從句。 (但 why+不帶 to 的不定式。 ) I don’t know what I should do. He showed us how we should do the work. He has no idea of how he should answer this question. where we/I should go tomorrow has not been decided. The question is which one I should choose. 三 .做賓補(bǔ)用法 (to) do 主動(dòng) 完成 1. 感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, observe, look at, notice。 hear, doing 主動(dòng) 進(jìn)行 使役動(dòng)詞（ have） + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ) done 被動(dòng) 完成（無時(shí)間性） being done 被動(dòng) 進(jìn)行 7 eg: I heard her sing an English song just now. I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. I heard an English song being sung by a little girl. I want to have my hair cut. 隨堂練習(xí)（用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式 填空） (1)At that moment I saw him ______(cross) the road. (2)I was glad to see the children well _____(take) care of. to 的不定式做補(bǔ)語，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要加上 to。 即 “吾看三室兩廳一感覺 ”—5 看（ see, watch, observe, look at, notice ）； 3 使（ make, let, have） 。2 聽（ hear, listen to） 。1感 覺（ feel）。 eg. Tom was made to wash dishes everyday. 以上動(dòng)詞還可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 (5+3+2