【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 et forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more creative capitalism ? if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are suffering From the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the world to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the people who pay the taxes. 我們可以讓市場(chǎng)更好地為窮人服務(wù)，如果我們能夠設(shè)計(jì)出一種更有創(chuàng)新性的資本主義制度——如果我們可以改變市場(chǎng)，讓更多的人可以獲得利潤(rùn)，或者至少可以維持生活——那么，這就可以幫到那些正在極端不平等的狀況中受苦的人們。我們還可以向全世界的政府施壓，要求他們將納稅人的錢(qián)，花到更符合納稅人價(jià)值觀的地方。If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generate profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustainable way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is openended. It can never be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the world.如果我們能夠找到這樣一種方法，既可以幫到窮人，又可以為商人帶來(lái)利潤(rùn)，為政治家?guī)?lái)選票，那么我們就找到了一種減少世界性不平等的可持續(xù)的發(fā)展道路。這個(gè)任務(wù)是無(wú)限的。它不可能被完全完成，但是任何自覺(jué)地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的嘗試，都將會(huì)改變這個(gè)世界。I am optimistic that we can do this, but I talk to skeptics who claim there is no hope. They say: Inequity has been with us since the beginning, and will be with us till the end ? because people just…don39。t…care. I pletely disagree.在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，我是樂(lè)觀的。但是，我也遇到過(guò)那些感到絕望的懷疑主義者。他們說(shuō)：“不平等從人類誕生的第一天就存在，到人類滅亡的最后一天也將存在?！?yàn)槿祟悓?duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題根本不在乎?！蔽彝耆荒芡膺@種觀點(diǎn)。I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.我相信，問(wèn)題不是我們不在乎，而是我們不知道怎么做。All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothingnot because we didn39。t care, but because we didn39。t know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would have acted.此刻在這個(gè)院子里的所有人，生命中總有這樣或那樣的時(shí)刻，目睹人類的悲劇，感到萬(wàn)分傷心。但是我們什么也沒(méi)做，并非我們無(wú)動(dòng)于衷，而是因?yàn)槲覀儾恢雷鍪裁春驮趺醋?。如果我們知道如何做是有效的，那么我們就?huì)采取行動(dòng)。The barrier to change is not too little caring。 it is too much plexity.改變世界的阻礙，并非人類的冷漠，而是世界實(shí)在太復(fù)雜。To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see the impact. But plexity blocks all three steps.為了將關(guān)心轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾袆?dòng)，我們需要找到問(wèn)題，發(fā)現(xiàn)解決辦法的方法以及評(píng)估后果。但是世界的復(fù)雜性使得這三步都難于做到。If we can really see a problem, which is the first step, we e to the second step: cutting through the plexity to find a solution.就算我們真正發(fā)現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題所在，也不過(guò)是邁出了第一步，接著還有第二步：那就是從復(fù)雜的事件中找到解決辦法。Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks How can I help?, then we can get actionand we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted. But plexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who caresand that makes it hard for their caring to matter.如果我們要讓關(guān)心落到實(shí)處，我們就必須找到解決辦法。如果我們有一個(gè)清晰的和可靠的答案，那么當(dāng)任何組織和個(gè)人發(fā)出疑問(wèn)“如何我能提供幫助”的時(shí)候，我們就能采取行動(dòng)。我們就能夠保證不浪費(fèi)一丁點(diǎn)全世界人類對(duì)他人的關(guān)心。但是，世界的復(fù)雜性使得很難找到對(duì)全世界每一個(gè)有愛(ài)心的人都有效的行動(dòng)方法，因此人類對(duì)他人的關(guān)心往往很難產(chǎn)生實(shí)際效果。Cutting through plexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highestleverage approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already havewhether it39。s something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.從這個(gè)復(fù)雜的世界中找到解決辦法，可以分為四個(gè)步驟：確定目標(biāo)，找到最高效的方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于這個(gè)方法的新技術(shù)，同時(shí)最聰明地利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，不管它是復(fù)雜的藥物，還是最簡(jiǎn)單的蚊帳。The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the disease. The highestleverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So governments, drug panies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is likely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what we have in handand the best prevention approach we have now is get