【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ) ? The result of the exam made me _________ ． (disappoint) ? 4)This was really an _______moment． (excite) ? 5)The ___________boy couldn39。t believe his ears． (astonish) tiring interested disappointed exciting astonished interesting 即時鞏固練習(xí)⑵ ? 6)It was a ______ story． We didn39。t want to listen again． (bore) ? 7)He seemed quite _______at the idea． (delight) ? 8)The problem was quite________． (press) ? 9)The present situation is _________． (encourage) ? 10)I was _______at what she said． (puzzle) boring delighted pressing encouraging puzzled 4)不定式、分詞和動名詞作定語的區(qū)別： ? (1)動詞不定式作定語通常放在被修飾的名詞后面。 ?如： I have something important to tell you． ? The poor children had little to eat． ?它和被修飾的名詞有時有動賓關(guān)系。 ?如： There is some books for you to read． (可看成： to read some books) ? I39。d like to get something to drink． (可看成： to drink something) ?如果這這個作定語的不定式是一個不及物動詞，注意不可忽略不定式短語中的副詞或介詞。 ?如： I need a pen to write with． (可看成： to write with the pen) ? She now has nothing to worry about． (可看成： to worry about nothing) (2)現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞作定語的區(qū)別 ? *現(xiàn)在分詞和被修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。單個分詞作定語放在被修飾的名詞的前面，分詞短語放在被修飾的名詞的后面。 ? 如： A fishing boy was seen sitting at the end of the boat. ? (a fishing boy =a boy who was fishing) ? The soldier riding a horse was my brother ． ? (the soldier riding a horse =the soldier who was riding a horse) ? *動名詞用來說明用途，和被修飾的名詞在邏輯上無主謂關(guān)系。動名詞作定語只能放在被修飾的名詞的前面。 ? 如： There was only one fishing boat on the river． ? (a fishing boat=a boat used for fishing) ? The old man needs a walking stick when he goes out． ? (a walking stick=a stick used for walking) (3)不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語有時在時態(tài)上有區(qū)別： ? *不定式作定語表示將來的動作。 ?如： The bridge to be built next month is the third bridge across the river． ? *現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示正在進行的動作。 ?如： The bridge being built now is the third bridge across the river． ? *過去分詞作定語表示已完成的動作。 ?如： The bridge built last year is the third bridge across the river． 即時鞏固練習(xí)⑶ ?用所給動詞的正確形式填空： ? 1)The man__________ (question) in the police station now is a spy． ? 2)A man_______ (respect) others will be respected． ? 3)she can find no one _______(make) friends with． ? 4)Is there anybody _______ (answer) the question ? ? 5)Half of the guests _______(invite) to the conference were foreigners. being questioned respecting to make to answer invited ? 6)She would be the best _______(agree) the opinion ． ? 7)The matter _________(discuss) is very important． ? 8)That is the way _________(operate) the machine． ? 9)She was then a professor _______(love) by all her students． ? 10)With much money ________(spend)， the boy formed a bad habit． to agree being discussed to operate loved to spend 5)不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞作賓補的區(qū)別： ? *現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作在進行。 ?如： I saw him falling off his bike just at that moment ． ? (看到他時他正從自行車上掉下來。 ) ? He found himself lying on the ground when he came to himself． ? (他蘇醒過來時正躺在地上。 ) ? *不定式作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有主動關(guān)系，強調(diào)動作的過程。 ? 如： I saw him fall off his bike and hurt his left leg． ? (看到他從自行車上掉下來，并且摔傷了腿。動作有先后，是全過程。 ) ? They were made to work day and night ． ? (他們被迫日夜干活，天天如此，不是某個時刻正在干活。 ) ? *過去分詞作賓補和賓語在邏輯上有被動關(guān)系。 ? 如： I heard my name called by someone． ? (我的名字被叫， my name和 called是被動關(guān)系。 ) ? I felt a great weight taken off my mind. ? (重擔(dān)被卸下來了， a great weight和 taken off是被動關(guān)系。 ) 即時鞏固練習(xí)⑷ ?用所給動詞的正確形式填空： ? 1)I meant to buy an evening paper, but I didn39。t see anyone ______(sell) them. ? 2)I know that ____(be) a fact. ? 3)Paul doesn39。t have to be made ______(learn). He always work hard. ? 4)The patient was warned _______(not eat) after the examine. ? 5)Just now I saw a man______ (walk) in the street, with a little girl _______(seat) on his shoulder． selling to be to learn not to eat walking seated ? 6)The lady loved to have her luggage _______(weigh). ? 7 )Who did the teacher have _______(clean) the blackboard just now? ? 8)Businesses are beginning ______ (develop) new methods of reaching customers. ? 9)The thief was caught______ (steal) goods in the supermarket again ． ? 10)What happened to Mr. White early this morning ? ? Oh， he was seen______ (knock) down and the driver_______ (drive) away． weighed clean to develop stealing knocked drove 6)不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別： 不定式作狀語表示：原因，結(jié)果，目的； 分詞作狀語表示：原因，結(jié)果，時間，伴隨情況 ? (1)不定式和分詞表示原因時的區(qū)別： ? *不定式表示原因通常跟在某些表示感情的形容詞后，用來說明產(chǎn)生這種感情的原因。 ? 如： I was so excited to hear the news． (不定式 to hear the news表示激動的原因。 ) ． ? We were surprised to see such great changes in that village． ? (不定式 to see such great changes in that village表示驚訝的原因。 ) ? *分詞表示原因時，它相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句。 ? 如： Being a monitor, she takes lead in everything ． ? (Being a monitor=As she was a monitor) ? Knowing some English, he offered to be an interviewer for us. ? (Knowing some English= As he knew some English) ? (2)不定式和分詞表示結(jié)果時的區(qū)別： ? *不定式表示結(jié)果，含有沒有預(yù)料到的情況的意味。 ? 如： I got up only to find it