【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 求不定式作賓補的動詞有：allow,ask,advise,beg,cause,drive（強迫），encourage,expect,fo rbid,force,get,would like(love,hate),order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。如： ①Would you like me to give your regards to Mary? ②I want you to understand the whole passage clearly. (2)部分動詞后常接to be＋形容詞、名詞短語等形式，有時to be可省略，如：believe,consider,discov er,find(=consider),feel(=think),imagine,judge,know,prove,think,suppose,see(=understand),understa nd等。 ①We all believe John(to be)honest. ②I consider him(to be)one of the best biology teachers of No. 1 Middle School. 但當(dāng)不定式是完成式時，to不能省略，如：We consider him tohave been foolish. (3)感覺動詞和使役動詞后用作賓補的不定式須省略to。 ①I didn39。t hear anyone say anything about it. ②They make the students do too much homework every day. 這種句式在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，to不能省略，如第②句：Thestudents are made to do too much homework every day. (4)help,know后面的to可有可無。如： Would you please help me(to) fill in the taxform? I39。ve never known her(to)be late ：He was known to have been to France before. (5)部分短語動詞后，常接不定式作賓補，如： You may depend on them to be there early. The Party calls on us to increase production and practise economy. 常這樣用的短語動詞有：ask for,care for,call on,count on,depend on,wait for,long for（渴望）， prepare for,wish for等。 ⒉作主語補足語 不定式作主語補足語，和主語構(gòu)成一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如： ①He was not allowed to enter the classroom for being late. ②The young university student is considered to have great promise. 六、不定式作狀語 ⒈作目的狀語 (1) ①I stayed there to see what would happen. ②Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be examinedby the doctor. (2)有時為了強調(diào)，不定式前可加in order或so as。如： Bob took down my telephone number so as(in order)not toforget it. 有時為強調(diào)目的狀語可把in order to或不定式置于句首，但so as to不能這樣用。在這種句式中不定式部 分可轉(zhuǎn)換為so that,in order that,成為目的狀語從句，如： I stayed there so that (in order that)I could see whatwould happen. (3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容詞、過去分詞或動詞之后可接不定式，如：astonished,glad,happy,laugh ,pleased, sad,smile,sorry,surprised等。 ①We are glad to hear the news. ②I was surprised to see that a threeyearold baby could write so well. 在部分形容詞后接不定式，用主動形式表示被動意義，這種句型中的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語。如：The question raised by thestudent is difficult to answer. The room is really fortable to live in. 常這樣用的形容詞有：fortable,easy,dangerous,difficult,expensive,fit,impossible等。 ⒉作結(jié)果狀語 We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. 不定式作結(jié)果狀語還常用在下列句式中。如： ①so…as to。such…as to I39。m not so stupid(a fool) as to put it in 。 I39。m not such a stupid fool as to put it in writing. ②enough…to The speed is high enough for us to catch up with thefirst liner. ③only to Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying inthehospital. ④too…to I39。m too tired to stay up longer. 但在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，too…to并非是“太……而不能……”之意。如： ①I39。m only too glad to have passed the 。（too修飾glad to have…，相當(dāng) 于very） ②We have too much to （不定式作定語）。 ⒊不定式短語還可作獨立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。如： To tell the truth,the play was a great disappointment tome. 常見的短語有to be exact（確切地說），to begin with（首先），to do him justice（說句對他公道的 話），to be sure（真的）等等。 七、動詞不定式、動名詞的其它用法 ⒈疑問詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu) 疑問詞who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中作主語、賓語、表 語等。如： ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. ②Mr. Smith didn39。t know whether to leave or stay there. ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. 160