【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 nglish Health Report. I39。m Shirley Griffith.Muslim College Opens in US With Hopes and Suspicions美國穆斯林學(xué)院在期望與疑慮中誕生By Lonny Shavelson 201084This is the VOA Special English Education Report.這里是美國之音慢速英語教育報告。Zaytuna College is a new fouryear college in Berkeley, California. Zaytuna is seeking to bee the first accredited Muslim college in the United States. The name es from the Arabic word for olives.栽突那學(xué)院是加州伯克利市一所新開設(shè)的四年制大學(xué)，該校正尋求成為美國第一個通過認證的穆斯林學(xué)院。栽突那這個名字來源于阿拉伯語中的橄欖。The process of full accreditation could take several years. That will make it easier for students to get financial aid, and to have their education recognized by employers and other schools.全部認證過程可能需要幾年時間。通過認證將使學(xué)生更容易獲得助學(xué)金，同時使他們的學(xué)歷被雇主和其他學(xué)校認可。Zaytuna held its first classes this summer intensive study of Arabic to prepare for classes in the fall.今年夏天，栽突那學(xué)院開設(shè)了第一個“阿拉伯語深入研究”班，為今年秋天要開設(shè)的班級做準備。Zaytuna currently offers two majors, a choice of Islamic law and religion or Arabic language. General education classes include American history, anthropology, philosophy, literature and political science.栽突那學(xué)院目前提供兩個專業(yè)，伊斯蘭教義和阿拉伯文。基礎(chǔ)課程包括美國歷史、人類學(xué)、哲學(xué)、文學(xué)和政治學(xué)。Imam Zaid Shakir is a professor and cofounder of Zaytuna. He was born in Berkeley. The college website says he accepted Islam in nineteen seventyseven while serving in the United States Air Force.伊瑪扎伊德基爾是栽突那學(xué)院的一名教授，同時也是栽突那學(xué)院的創(chuàng)始人之一。他出生于伯克利市。學(xué)院網(wǎng)站稱扎伊德基爾1977年在美國空軍服役時接受了伊斯蘭教。Imam Shakir says he wants teachers who are trained and educated in the United States and who understand American society.伊瑪扎伊德基爾表示，他希望教授那些接受美國教育并了解美國歷史的學(xué)生。ZAID SHAKIR: And who also are fortable with their Americanness on the one hand and fortable with Islam on the other hand.扎伊德基爾：“還包括既接受美國人特性又接受伊斯蘭教的學(xué)生。” There are millions of American Muslims. But the imam says most of the teachers of Islam in America received their training in other countries. He says Islam has never bee rooted in any land until that land had its own Islamic scholars.美國有數(shù)百萬穆斯林。不過，伊瑪表示，美國大部分的伊斯蘭教師都在其他國家接受培訓(xùn)。他說，伊斯蘭教從未在一個不具備穆斯林學(xué)者的地方扎根。Michael Higgins studies the relationship between religion and higher education. The United States has many different religious colleges. But he says he fears there could be protests if Zaytuna College is seen as teaching students not to accept other religions.邁克爾希金斯研究宗教和高等教育之間的關(guān)系。美國有許多不同的宗教院校。但他表示，他擔(dān)心如果栽突那學(xué)院被認為只教授穆斯林學(xué)生，可能會出現(xiàn)抗議活動。MICHAEL HIGGINS: I think there will be a lot of fear or apprehension around the establishment of a college that adheres to Islam. If it bees a madrasa or a college of inculcation only, that could be hugely problematic.邁克爾希金斯：“我認為會有許多種恐懼或擔(dān)憂圍繞這個篤信伊斯蘭教的學(xué)院的建立。如果它成為伊斯蘭學(xué)?；蚴枪噍斝缘拇髮W(xué)，可能會有大問題?！盩his September eleventh will be nine years since the alQaida terrorist attacks on the United States. Imam Shakir recognizes that those attacks and other plots since then have fed public suspicions about Islam.今年9月11日將是基地組織對美國進行恐怖襲擊后的第9個年頭。伊瑪基爾承認，那次攻擊和之后的其他陰謀策劃，使公眾對伊斯蘭教充滿疑慮。But he says opponents of the college represent a minority opinion in the United States. He says they are reacting to a small group of extremists a lunatic fringe in the Islamic munity.但他表示，該學(xué)院的反對者只代表了少數(shù)美國人的意見，這是他們對一小撮伊斯蘭狂熱極端分子lunatic fringe做出的反應(yīng)。ZAID SHAKIR: And I think this is why Zaytuna College is so important. If we prove ourselves, even those more vocal critics will be silenced. It39。s up to us。 the ball is in our court.扎伊德基爾：“同時我認為，這就是栽突那學(xué)院如此重要的原因。如果我們能證明自己，即使再多批評的聲音也將逐漸消失。這取決于我們，球被踢給了我們?！?And that39。s the VOA Special English Education Report. I39。m Steve Ember.UAE, Other Nations Target BlackBerry for Access to User Information阿聯(lián)酋等國家尋求監(jiān)控黑莓手機通信By Mario Ritter 201085This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.這里是美國之音慢速英語經(jīng)濟報道。BlackBerry service is facing limits or bans in some countries over the issue of government access to information on its network. Research in Motion, or RIM, based in Waterloo, Canada, makes BlackBerry munications devices. They run on the pany39。s network and secure software. BlackBerry has fortysix million users worldwide.由于在政府監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面的爭議，黑莓手機服務(wù)在一些國家面臨限制或禁止。RIM公司總部位于加拿大滑鐵盧市，生產(chǎn)基于其公司網(wǎng)絡(luò)與安全軟件運行的黑莓通訊設(shè)備，在全球范圍內(nèi)擁有6千5百萬用戶。This week, the United Arab Emirates announced it would block BlackBerry , web browsing and instant messenger services on October eleventh. The UAE says the services are a threat to national security because government officials cannot access or monitor users39。 information.本周，阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國宣布將在10月11日禁止黑莓手機的電子郵件，網(wǎng)頁瀏覽和即時通信服務(wù)。阿聯(lián)酋表示，這些服務(wù)對國家安全構(gòu)成威脅，因為它們使得政府無法訪問或監(jiān)視用戶的通訊信息。Then, Saudi Arabia said it would block BlackBerry service this week. The Saudi government told the country39。s three mobile phone operators to stop BlackBerry service for businesses and individuals this Friday. The Saudi Communications and Information Technology Commission did not say what services would be blocked. These moves renew concern among some people about efforts by the UAE and Saudi Arabia to control the flow of information. Both countries have banned some forms of media seen as harming national security.隨后，沙特阿拉伯表示，將在本周禁止黑莓手機服務(wù)。沙特政府通知該國的三家移動電話運營商，本周五起停止為企業(yè)和個人提供黑莓手機服務(wù)。沙特通信和信息技術(shù)委員會并沒有說明哪些服務(wù)將被禁止。這些舉措重新引起了一些人對阿聯(lián)酋和沙特監(jiān)控通信的關(guān)注。這兩個國家都已禁止一些被認為危害國家安全的媒體模式。The ban in the UAE could affect half a million BlackBerry users while Saudi Arabia has about seven hundred thousand users. Kuwait and Lebanon are also said to be considering restrictions. But Middle Eastern countries are not the only ones seeking greater access to BlackBerry information. India and China are among other countries also doing so.阿聯(lián)酋的禁令可能將影響50萬黑莓手機用戶，而沙特有大約70萬黑莓手機用戶?？仆睾屠璋湍垡捕急硎究紤]將做出類似限制。但是，這些中東國家不是唯一尋求（更大的）監(jiān)控黑莓手機通訊的國家，印度和中國等其他國家也是如此。Governments, big corporations and individuals use BlackBerry devices because they are highly secure. Users39。 munications are sent to servers overseas, mostly in Canada, using powerful security measures.各國政府，大公司和個人使用黑莓通訊設(shè)備，因為它具有高度的安全性。用戶的通訊信息采用高度安全措施后，發(fā)送到主要分布在加拿大的海外服務(wù)器。RIM says its system is set up in a way that no one, including RIM, can ac