【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 e now( ) 2. The weather ____.A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we( )7. He found the street much ______.A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) think _____necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. that D. that is( ) 9. The dog ____ mad.A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked( ) will never forget the day ______ I joined the army.A. that B. when C. in which D. where二、簡單句、并列句和復(fù)合句（一）句子種類兩種分類法按句子的用途可分四種：1）陳述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old。 She didn’t hear of you before.2）疑問句（一般、特殊、選擇、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys。 Don’t talk in class4）感嘆句：How clever the boy is!按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：1）簡單句：只有一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）。. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句：由并列連詞（and, but, or等）或分號（；）把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成。. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright。 the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3）復(fù)合句：含有一個或一個以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）、定語從句（形容詞性從句）和狀語從句（副詞性從句）。. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.（二）簡單句的五種基本句型（稍后詳細分解）Ｓ V（主＋謂）主語+不及物動詞：. We work.Ｓ V P（主＋系＋表）主語+系動詞+表語：. He is a student.Ｓ V O（主＋謂＋賓）主語+及物動詞+賓語：. Henry bought a dictionary.Ｓ V o O（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）主語+及物動詞+雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語）：. My father bought me a car.Ｓ V O C （主＋謂＋賓＋賓補）主語+及物動詞+復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補）：. Tom made the baby laugh.注：其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。（三）并列句的分類 表示連接兩個同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等連接。. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. 表示選擇，常用的連詞有or, either…or…, otherwise等。. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用的連詞有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有so, for, therefore等。. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（四）高考考點探討簡單句的五大句型是最基本的句型。雖然近幾年單純考查這種基礎(chǔ)句型的題不多，但是在閱讀中需借助于劃分句子成分去理解，在書面表達中，沒有最基本的遣詞造句的能力是不可能用地道的英語句子來表達清楚的。高考對簡單句、并列句和各種復(fù)合句的考查常表現(xiàn)在對連詞的選擇和使用上。如：and, but, or, while，以及其它連接名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句的連接詞/關(guān)聯(lián)詞/引導(dǎo)詞。各種主從復(fù)合句的考查常常與動詞的時態(tài)聯(lián)系在一起，以賓語從句與狀語從句最為明顯；如：在時間從句與條件從句中，如果主句是將來時，從句則用一般式表將來，這一點在高考中經(jīng)?？疾?。如：We will go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow。以下我們分步來分解簡單句的五種基本句型：基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋謂）主語：可以作主語的成分有名詞（如boy），主格代詞（如you），動詞不定式，動名詞等。主語一般在句首。注意名詞單數(shù)形式常和冠詞不分家！ 謂語：謂語由動詞構(gòu)成，是英語時態(tài)、語態(tài)變化的主角，一般在主語之后。不及物動詞（vi.）沒有賓語，形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，如：We e. 此句型的句子有一個共同特點，即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。 Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物動詞vi.） 1. The sun │was shining. 太陽在照耀著。2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。3. The universe │remains. 宇宙長存。4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系。 注意：主語可以有定語修飾，謂語可以有狀語修飾：如7. They │talked for half an hour. 他們談了半個小時。 8. The pen │writes smoothly. 這支筆書寫流利。9. The red sun │rises in the east.10. So they│ had to travel by air or boat. │got up early so as to catch the first bus.12. She│ sat there alone, reading a novel.13. He │came back when we were eating.14. Weak buildings│ will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones │may stay up there.1. 她昨天回家很晚。 2．會議將持續(xù)兩個小時。 3．在過去的十年里我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大變化.4．1919年，在北京爆發(fā)了“”運動。5．每天八時開始上課。 6．這個重五公斤。 7．五年前我住在北京。8．秋天有些鳥飛到南方去。 9．我的爺爺早晨起得很早。 10. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書館來借書。 基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一個共同的特點：句子謂語動詞（即系動詞）都不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。系動詞有系動詞：be（be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用）；感官動詞：look/ sound/smell/feel/taste（如look well/面色好,sound nice/聽起來不錯,feel good/感覺好，smell bad/難聞，taste delicious嘗起來美味）；表示“保持，持續(xù)”：keep, remain, stay, continue，表示變化：go, get, grow, bee, fall, turn, turn out(結(jié)果是)；表示“好像”：seem, appear.Ｓ │Ｖ（是系動詞）│ Ｐ 1. This │is │an EnglishChinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典。2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的氣味很好。3. He │fell │in love. 他墮入了情網(wǎng)。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看來都不同了。5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他長得又高又壯6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X。7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我們井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的臉紅了。難點：另外：仔細研究以下句子：（找出系動詞，思考表語有何特殊？）You’ll be all right soon. You don’t look very well. I feel rather cold. The cloth feels soft. The roses smell sweet. The day turned out (to be) a fine one. His health remains poor.The mixture tasted horrible. How sweet the music sounds! He became a worldfamous scientist. It is getting warmer and warmer. It grew dark. The food has turned bad. Yesterday he suddenly fell ill. Mary’s face went red. His dream has e true. The boy’s blood ran cold. Keep quiet, children! The weather continued fine for a long time. He appears upset about it. As we joined the big crowd I got separated from my friendsI39。m afraid you won39。t have time to get changed before the party. 以下語句是用___________作表語呢？：She appears/ seems to be very young. He appears/ seems to have caught cold. They got to be friends. The meeting turned out to be successful. He seems to be ill. The theory proved