【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 e now( ) 2. The weather ____.A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we( )7. He found the street much ______.A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) think _____necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. that D. that is( ) 9. The dog ____ mad.A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked( ) will never forget the day ______ I joined the army.A. that B. when C. in which D. where二、簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句（一）句子種類兩種分類法按句子的用途可分四種：1）陳述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old。 She didn’t hear of you before.2）疑問(wèn)句（一般、特殊、選擇、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys。 Don’t talk in class4）感嘆句：How clever the boy is!按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：1）簡(jiǎn)單句：只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)（或并列主語(yǔ)）和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（或并列謂語(yǔ)）。. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句：由并列連詞（and, but, or等）或分號(hào)（；）把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起構(gòu)成。. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright。 the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3）復(fù)合句：含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句）、定語(yǔ)從句（形容詞性從句）和狀語(yǔ)從句（副詞性從句）。. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.（二）簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型（稍后詳細(xì)分解）Ｓ V（主＋謂）主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞：. We work.Ｓ V P（主＋系＋表）主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)：. He is a student.Ｓ V O（主＋謂＋賓）主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)：. Henry bought a dictionary.Ｓ V o O（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)）：. My father bought me a car.Ｓ V O C （主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)）主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）：. Tom made the baby laugh.注：其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。（三）并列句的分類 表示連接兩個(gè)同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等連接。. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. 表示選擇，常用的連詞有or, either…or…, otherwise等。. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用的連詞有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有so, for, therefore等。. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（四）高考考點(diǎn)探討簡(jiǎn)單句的五大句型是最基本的句型。雖然近幾年單純考查這種基礎(chǔ)句型的題不多，但是在閱讀中需借助于劃分句子成分去理解，在書面表達(dá)中，沒有最基本的遣詞造句的能力是不可能用地道的英語(yǔ)句子來(lái)表達(dá)清楚的。高考對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和各種復(fù)合句的考查常表現(xiàn)在對(duì)連詞的選擇和使用上。如：and, but, or, while，以及其它連接名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞/關(guān)聯(lián)詞/引導(dǎo)詞。各種主從復(fù)合句的考查常常與動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)聯(lián)系在一起，以賓語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句最為明顯；如：在時(shí)間從句與條件從句中，如果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般式表將來(lái)，這一點(diǎn)在高考中經(jīng)常考查。如：We will go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow。以下我們分步來(lái)分解簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型：基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋謂）主語(yǔ)：可以作主語(yǔ)的成分有名詞（如boy），主格代詞（如you），動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞等。主語(yǔ)一般在句首。注意名詞單數(shù)形式常和冠詞不分家！ 謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成，是英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)變化的主角，一般在主語(yǔ)之后。不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.）沒有賓語(yǔ)，形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，如：We e. 此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。 Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物動(dòng)詞vi.） 1. The sun │was shining. 太陽(yáng)在照耀著。2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。3. The universe │remains. 宇宙長(zhǎng)存。4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系。 注意：主語(yǔ)可以有定語(yǔ)修飾，謂語(yǔ)可以有狀語(yǔ)修飾：如7. They │talked for half an hour. 他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。 8. The pen │writes smoothly. 這支筆書寫流利。9. The red sun │rises in the east.10. So they│ had to travel by air or boat. │got up early so as to catch the first bus.12. She│ sat there alone, reading a novel.13. He │came back when we were eating.14. Weak buildings│ will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones │may stay up there.1. 她昨天回家很晚。 2．會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。 3．在過(guò)去的十年里我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大變化.4．1919年，在北京爆發(fā)了“”運(yùn)動(dòng)。5．每天八時(shí)開始上課。 6．這個(gè)重五公斤。 7．五年前我住在北京。8．秋天有些鳥飛到南方去。 9．我的爺爺早晨起得很早。 10. 每天下午有許多學(xué)生到圖書館來(lái)借書。 基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（即系動(dòng)詞）都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞有系動(dòng)詞：be（be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的作用）；感官動(dòng)詞：look/ sound/smell/feel/taste（如look well/面色好,sound nice/聽起來(lái)不錯(cuò),feel good/感覺好，smell bad/難聞，taste delicious嘗起來(lái)美味）；表示“保持，持續(xù)”：keep, remain, stay, continue，表示變化：go, get, grow, bee, fall, turn, turn out(結(jié)果是)；表示“好像”：seem, appear.Ｓ │Ｖ（是系動(dòng)詞）│ Ｐ 1. This │is │an EnglishChinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典。2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的氣味很好。3. He │fell │in love. 他墮入了情網(wǎng)。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看來(lái)都不同了。5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他長(zhǎng)得又高又壯6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X。7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我們井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的臉紅了。難點(diǎn)：另外：仔細(xì)研究以下句子：（找出系動(dòng)詞，思考表語(yǔ)有何特殊？）You’ll be all right soon. You don’t look very well. I feel rather cold. The cloth feels soft. The roses smell sweet. The day turned out (to be) a fine one. His health remains poor.The mixture tasted horrible. How sweet the music sounds! He became a worldfamous scientist. It is getting warmer and warmer. It grew dark. The food has turned bad. Yesterday he suddenly fell ill. Mary’s face went red. His dream has e true. The boy’s blood ran cold. Keep quiet, children! The weather continued fine for a long time. He appears upset about it. As we joined the big crowd I got separated from my friendsI39。m afraid you won39。t have time to get changed before the party. 以下語(yǔ)句是用___________作表語(yǔ)呢？：She appears/ seems to be very young. He appears/ seems to have caught cold. They got to be friends. The meeting turned out to be successful. He seems to be ill. The theory proved