【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 nts have nourished the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lilywhite teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions. 豐富；充沛 咀嚼 繁茂的；充沛的 滋養(yǎng) ? 漢英句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較 A. 漢語： ?“ 板塊型 ” 或 “ 竹節(jié)型 ” ? 漢語句子往往是句子較短 ,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊 ,好似 “ 萬傾碧波層層推進(jìn) ” ?英語 : ?“ 多枝共干型 ” 或 “ 葡萄串型 ” ?英語句子如 “ 老樹參天 , 枝杈橫生 ” , 句子長 , 插入成分多 , 形成復(fù)雜嵌套結(jié)構(gòu) . ?請看下列例句： ?話說天下大勢，分久必合，合久必分。 They say the momentum of history was ever thus: the empire, long divided, must unite。 long united, must divide. ?他們進(jìn)行挑釁活動(dòng)，制造緊張局勢，必須馬上停止。 ? They must stop all their provocations at once, which create tensions. 趨勢 挑撥；挑起（事端） ? 練習(xí)： 下面的句子在翻譯時(shí)需要在英文句中增加表示邏輯關(guān)系的詞語，使原文隱含的語義關(guān)系顯現(xiàn)出來。試譯： ? 跑得了和尚跑不了廟。 ? The monk may run away, but the temple won‘t run with him. ? 你死了我去當(dāng)和尚。 ? If you died, I would go and bee a monk. ? 他不去我去。 ? I would like to go if he wouldn39。t go. ? 他不去我也去。 ? I39。d go there even if he wouldn39。t go with me. ? 他不去我才去。 ? I39。d go there only if he won39。t. ? 知人知面不知心。 ? A man39。s face one can know, but not his heart. ? 人窮志短。 ? ① When a man is poor his ambition is not farreaching. ? ② Poverty stifles ambition. ? 人窮志不短。 ? ① Though one is poor, he has high aspirations. ? ② One may be poor, but with lofty ideas. ? 人有臉，樹有皮。 ? The face is as important to a man as the bark to a tree. ? 人不犯我，我不犯人。 ? We will not attack unless we are attacked. 阻止；撲滅 熱望；抱負(fù) 極高的； 高貴的 ?B. 漢語： ? “ 左分支 ” 結(jié)構(gòu) (leftbranching) ? “后重心 ” ：重要信息放在后面。 ? “ 獅子頭 ” （頭大尾?。? ? 如： ?村東頭的王大媽來了，受壞人欺騙的村民們也來了。 ?There came Aunt Wang who dwelt at the eastern end of the village, and also came the villagers who had been deceived by the scoundrel. 定居；生活在 …… 之中 欺騙；欺瞞 惡棍；無賴 ?英語： ? “ 右分支 ” 結(jié)構(gòu) (rightbranching ) ? “前重心 ” ：主要信息放在主句中，放在 句首。前重后輕。 ? “ 孔雀尾 ” ：頭小尾大 ?例如： ?去年他為了完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目在實(shí)驗(yàn)室用計(jì)算機(jī)努力地干了十個(gè)月。 ?He worked hard with a puter in the lab for ten months in order to plete a project last year ?練習(xí)： ? 我認(rèn)為資金的問題是我們目前最大的困難。（用插入語） ? The short of fund, I think, is the biggest problem we39。re facing at the present stage. ? 朱彥夫雖然肢體殘疾，但意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，所以做出了常人都難以做到的事情。（用關(guān)系從句） ? Zhu yanfu, handicapped as he is, has achieved with his strong will what a normal person would find difficult to acplish. ? 地球的周圍是一層厚度莫測的空氣。（用倒裝句） Surrounding the earth is a layer of air of unknown thickness. ? 她雖然年紀(jì)大了，可腿腳靈便、耳聰目明。（用簡單句） ? She is easy with movement and good with vision and hearing despite her great age. ? 他在報(bào)上說這場罷工不好。（用被動(dòng)式） ? He is quoted in the paper as saying that the strike was evil. ? 孩子大哭起來，傷倒是沒傷著，只是嚇的。（ not so much） ? The child burst out crying. It was not so much that he was anyhow injured but that he was terribly frightened. ? 若不是我抓住她，她就跌倒了。 (but that) ? She would have fallen but that I had caught her. ? 小孩子的鞋子很快就穿不進(jìn)去了。（ outgrow） Small children outgrow their shoes at a fast rate. ? 現(xiàn)在可以明了這種系統(tǒng)為什么稱為 “ 相位控制 ” ）。（用形式主語 it） ? It is evident now why this system is called phase control. ? 年輕人頂著風(fēng)，冒著雨，出去騎馬。（用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞） ? The young man went out, against the wind and through the rain, for a ride on horseback. phase control ? 句子擴(kuò)展模式 ?漢語：逆線性延伸 首開放性 (openbeginning) 尾封閉性 (closeending) ?英語：順線性延伸 首封閉性 (closebeginning) 尾開放性 (openending) ?例： ?漢語句首開放性（左分支） ?⑴ 手提電腦丟了。 ? 買的手提電腦丟了。 ? 上周六買的手提電腦丟了。 ? 小王上周六買的手提電腦丟了。 ?剛當(dāng)上經(jīng)理的小王上周六買的手提電腦丟了。 ?句首開放性（左分支） ?(2) 對。 ? 不對。 ? 他不對。 ? 我認(rèn)為他不對。 ? 我告訴過你我認(rèn)為他不對。 ? 我明明告訴過你我認(rèn)為他不對。 ? 我開會時(shí)明明告訴過你我認(rèn)為他不對。 ? 我昨天開會時(shí)明明告訴過你我認(rèn)為他不對。 ?英語句尾開放性（右分支） ?He is reading. ?He is reading a book. ?He is reading a book written by Mark Twain. ?He is reading a book written by Mark Twain in the readingroom. ?He is reading a book written by Mark Twain in the readingroom on the second floor of our library. ?He is reading a book written by Mark Twain in the readingroom on the second floor of our library which has just opened. ? 前重心與后重心 ?英語句子和漢語句子的重心一般都落在結(jié)果、結(jié)論、假設(shè)或事實(shí)上；