【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 _?What causes ______?Why does the author mention ______?The author gives this example to illustrate _______?Which of the following are people allowed to do?What do we know about _____?Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of ________ ? The question in lines XX is based on which of the following assumptions? The author uses which of the following in the XX paragraph? In line XX the author distinguishes between______?短文細節(jié)題解題技巧(1) 關(guān)鍵詞定位，利用題干中的關(guān)鍵詞或者關(guān)鍵短語快速在文中找到相應(yīng)的詞或句子，在對應(yīng)的詞或句子所在的句子中認真理解分析，再選出答案。(2) 在重要、關(guān)鍵的詞語或短語下做上記號，如表示時間與年代的詞；表示條件、目的、方法、步驟、原因等詞；表示人名、地名或其他的專有名詞；數(shù)據(jù)；某些副詞（如：always, seldom, absolutely, entirely, relatively, particularly, hardly, merely, virtually等等），這些詞匯或短語都有可能成為答案所在的標志。(3) 注意留意復(fù)合句，如同位語、插入語、定語、不定式等，往往這種復(fù)合句能使考生更加明了作者的意圖。(4) 圈出表示條件、遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折、例證、原因、總結(jié)等語標詞，它們所引導(dǎo)的句子很有可能藏有考點，它們均與短文細節(jié)有所關(guān)聯(lián)。For example:2012年浙江省專升本閱讀試題Passage Four中第16題： The . Travel Association confirmed in a survey what many frustrated fliers already know: The airport headache is passengers who pull too many carryon bags through security and onto flights.That number has skyrocketed in recent years—86 million more bags were carried on in the year than during the same period two years earlier, the Transportation Security Administration estimates.The reason for the carryon jump is no mystery: All the major domestic airlinesnow charge to check (托 運) even one bag, generally $25. To save money and time at the baggage claim, passengers carry as much as they can on board, with predictable consequences.At security checkpoints, these millions of extra bags, many of them denselypacked, mean longer lines. Once past security, the fun continues at boarding. On a typical flight, there’s a fierce fight for scarce overhead bin space, extending the boarding process. Bags that are stuffed under seats make passengers even more unfortable.There has got to be a better way. In fact, there is. Here’s what a more sensible system would look like:No fee for the first piece of checked luggage. It would be better if airlines simply raised fares( 機票) instead of fees. Limit the carryon size and charge for large carryons. Use templates( 標尺) at the security checkpoints to cut off the monster bags that now often escape airline staff’s notice until they’re right at the door of the plane. Tax the airlines’ ine from fees the same way that fares are taxed. Currently, the fees are tax free, encouraging airlines to generate ine through fees rather than fare increases.We’re sympathetic to the airline industry’s need to make money, but the baggagefees—previously intended to offset rising fuel costs—have bee an interruption that slows down the security check, offloads costs onto fliers and makes the boarding process even more unpleasant than it already is.1． What makes the air travelers most frustrated at the airport? A. The limited overhead bin space for bags.B. The number of bags they carry onboardC. The long line at the baggage claim.D. The extra fee they have to pay for carryons.解析：B。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞frustrated可以定位到文章第一段。得知：讓乘客最為頭痛的就是安檢和登機的時候攜帶過多的行李。故答案為B。(三) 詞義猜測題詞義猜測是指在閱讀理解中，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的意思和自己所學(xué)的內(nèi)容去推測不熟悉或者陌生的詞匯或者短語的大意，要求考生就詞匯或者短語找出近義詞或者合理的解釋說明。詞義猜測題主要考查以下幾個方面：(1) 考查考生熟悉詞匯的生僻含義，即很多詞匯考生了解其通常含義，但是在具體的情境和語境之中，詞匯會有一些不常用的陌生意義。(2) 考查考生對指代詞的理解，例如文章中所出現(xiàn)的it, this, that等指代詞，考查這些詞匯所指代的意思。(3) 考查考生通過對其近義詞、反義詞甚至是修飾詞的理解去猜測詞匯意思。(4)考查考生理解文中俚語、諺語的意思。詞義猜測題常見設(shè)問方式 The word “…” in the passage means ________ .The word “…” (Line …) could be best replaced by ________ .According to the passage, the word “…” is referred to as ________ .As used in the passage, the phrase “…” suggests ________ .The sentence “….” means that _______ .The sentence “…” can be paraphrased as ________ .What does the sentence “…” mean?What does the sentence “…” imply?The word “it” (Line …) refers to ________ .The word “one” could be best replaced buy which of the following words?Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “…”?The term “…” in paragraph… can be best replaced by________ .詞義猜測題答題技巧(1) 可根據(jù)所考查詞匯與整篇文章主旨的關(guān)系來猜測，與主題基調(diào)和意義相近或者相符合的，通常就是詞匯的適當解釋。(2) 通過文章中對詞匯或者短語的定義和解釋來猜測語義。在閱讀中，有的所考詞匯作者會對其進行定義或者解釋說明，這樣考生就能夠直接的正確理解詞匯的意思。(3) 利用文章中的同義詞和反義詞來猜測語義。在很多情況下，考生可以通過理解所考詞匯的同義詞或者反義詞，來判斷詞匯的意思。(4) 通過邏輯關(guān)系來猜測語義。上下文的邏輯關(guān)系是個很好的推理依據(jù)，根據(jù)上下文的因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、論證關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系和對比關(guān)系等，來確定詞匯語義。(5) 利用