【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 still. Although rural social endowment insurance no successful experience can refer to, but there are some more representative of the pattern. Zhu Junsheng, Ge, vines and other studies Daxing District of Beijing rural social endowment insurance system, talked about the Daxing District of rural social endowment insurance system mode. Daxing District, rural social endowment insurance system program created personal accounts and reserve transfers metallurgically bonded system new model. The model has two characteristics: First, increased government subsidies and support efforts to improve the government subsidies, collective benefits, the bination of individual contributions payment incentives and reserve adjustment fund system. Second, the implementation of rural social endowment insurance GSP and established the government39。s guidance mechanism. Daxing district government e up with 15 million yuan each year, the region39。s rural social pension insurance coverage to million people and the establishment of reserves for premium subsidy adjustment funds, so that government subsidies are implemented. However, the pattern for those Daxing District government strength, relatively developed economy, the relatively small gap between urban and rural areas.最后，對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)模式的探索還不夠成熟，主要是農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)在運(yùn)行中存在的一些問(wèn)題。自1998以來(lái)，大部分農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)工作已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的參保人數(shù)下降，資金困難和其他困難，在農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)工作的一些領(lǐng)域甚至陷入停頓。農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)雖然沒(méi)有成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以參考，但也有一些代表性的模式比較有代表性。朱俊生，GE，葡萄和北京農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的其他研究大興區(qū)，談到了大興區(qū)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度模式。大興區(qū)，農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的程序創(chuàng)建的個(gè)人賬戶和儲(chǔ)備金結(jié)合的系統(tǒng)新模型。該模式具有2個(gè)特點(diǎn)：一是加大政府補(bǔ)貼和支持力度，提高政府補(bǔ)貼、集體利益、個(gè)人繳費(fèi)的組合、支付獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和公積金制度。其次，農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)“普惠制”和建立政府引導(dǎo)機(jī)制的實(shí)現(xiàn)。大興區(qū)市政府每年拿出1500萬(wàn)元，將該地區(qū)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)覆蓋到2460萬(wàn)人，并設(shè)立儲(chǔ)備基金，用于補(bǔ)貼調(diào)整資金，使政府補(bǔ)貼實(shí)施。但是，大興區(qū)市政府的模式，適用于相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)的經(jīng)濟(jì)，城市和農(nóng)村地區(qū)之間的差距比較小的區(qū)域。As fertility declines and population movements frequency accelerating, prompting the family pension functions have weakened. Mid1970s, China began to implement the family planning policy, with the popularity of the family planning policy, go to the countryside after the children of rural families gradually reduce the burden of the labor force coefficient increased. 2005 China 1% Population Sample Survey data show that the main rural population per household is only people, the rural family pension ways bee increasingly vulnerable. Especially with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of rural youth are leaving the labor force in rural areas into cities. Migration of the rural labor force population, especially young regional or ruralurban migration on rural family pension had a negative impact. Parents gradually lost power in charge of the household economy, decline in family status, and their children, but with a strong economic independence, so that the cohesion of rural family pension should be gradually reduced. Second, the rural family pension thinking has changed. On the one hand, by the market economy and other factors, the traditional concept of the family and old values have a strong impact, many farmers were no longer adhere to raise children to old age of the old ideology, began to look forward to and an urgent requirement and urban residents enjoy the same social oldage insurance benefits. Other hand, many young men go out to work in rural areas vulnerable to Western integration of urban culture is strongly influenced by the traditional filial piety Concept fade, resulting in loss of family pension traditional cultural support.隨著生育率的下降和人口流動(dòng)頻率加快，使得家庭養(yǎng)老功能弱化。 70年代中期，中國(guó)開(kāi)始實(shí)行計(jì)劃生育政策。計(jì)劃生育政策在鄉(xiāng)下普及后，農(nóng)村家庭的子女逐漸減少，勞動(dòng)力系數(shù)增加，成為負(fù)擔(dān)。 2005年中國(guó)1％人口抽樣調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示，農(nóng)村家庭養(yǎng)老的方式變得越來(lái)越脆弱。特別是隨著工業(yè)化和城市化進(jìn)程的加快，大量農(nóng)村青年正離開(kāi)農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力進(jìn)入城市。農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力的人口遷移，特別是年輕的區(qū)域或鄉(xiāng)城遷移對(duì)農(nóng)村家庭養(yǎng)老產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面的影響。父母逐漸失去了家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)的權(quán)力，家庭地位下降，子女開(kāi)始具有較強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立性，使農(nóng)村家庭養(yǎng)老的凝聚力逐步減少。其次，農(nóng)村家庭養(yǎng)老思維發(fā)生了變化。一方面，受市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)等因素的影響，傳統(tǒng)觀念對(duì)家庭和老年人的價(jià)值觀念產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的影響，不少農(nóng)民不再堅(jiān)持“養(yǎng)兒防老”的舊觀念，開(kāi)始期待和迫切要求和城市居民享受相同的社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)待遇。另一方面，許多年輕人外出打工，在農(nóng)村地區(qū)容易受到中西融合的強(qiáng)烈影響，傳統(tǒng)的“孝”觀念逐漸淡化，導(dǎo)致了家庭養(yǎng)老傳統(tǒng)文化的喪失。With the rural economic and social development in rural areas, rural land protection functions begin to decline for two main reasons: ① Rural declining arable land and agricultural production materials prices continue to rise, the elements of land management costs and opportunity costs, the ine of farmers from the land downward trend, so land protection function gradually weakened. MLR report show that in 1996 an 2005, China39。s net decrease of million acres of arable land. According tostatisticsof the Ministry of Land, as of the end of 2004, China39。s arable land area of million mu, mu per capita. If an average annual rate of decline of million mu, 2030, there will be only million mu of cultivated land in China. Experts predict that by 2030, China39。s population will reach billion by then, per capita arable land is only acres. Such a low per capita arable land to farmers will be unable to provide sufficient employment opportunities, more farmers can not achieve better protection functions. ② With the rapid development of market economy and industrialization and urbanization continues to expand, landless peasants increased significantly. Large number