【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ....................................................... 52 4．肺癌的好發(fā)部位及組織學(xué)分型？ ........................................................................ 53 5．肺癌的護(hù)理要點(diǎn) ................................................................................................. 54 6．肺癌術(shù)后常見并發(fā)癥？ ...................................................................................... 55 7．食管癌的臨床表現(xiàn) ............................................................................................. 56 8．食管癌病人的護(hù)理 ............................................................................................. 56 9．食管癌術(shù)后并發(fā)癥？ .......................................................................................... 57 10．血胸的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？ ................................................................................................... 58 11．膿胸的病因？ ................................................................................................... 58 12．膿胸的病理分期？ ............................................................................................ 58 13．支氣管擴(kuò)張的臨床表現(xiàn)？ ................................................................................. 58 14．支氣管擴(kuò)張的手術(shù)禁忌癥？ .............................................................................. 58 15．纖維支氣管鏡的適應(yīng)癥 ..................................................................................... 59 16． 纖維支氣管鏡的禁忌癥 ................................................................................... 59 17．纖維食管鏡檢查的適應(yīng)癥 ................................................................................. 60 18．纖維食管鏡檢查的禁忌癥 ................................................................................. 60 19．根據(jù)癌發(fā)生的部位，肺癌可分為幾型 ................................................................ 60 20．胸膜腔生理情況下的壓力是多少 ....................................................................... 60 21．胸部外科手術(shù)后的并發(fā)癥有哪些？ ................................................................... 61 22．胸腺瘤的病理分型？ ........................................................................................ 61 23．重癥肌無力的臨床表現(xiàn)？診斷要點(diǎn)？ ................................................................ 61 24．重癥肌無力的臨床分型？ ................................................................................. 61 25．胸腺切除術(shù)適應(yīng)征？ ........................................................................................ 62 26． 胸腔閉式引流管發(fā)生意外應(yīng)如何及時處理？ ..................................................... 62 27．如何保持胸膜腔閉式引流管的通暢？ ................................................................ 63 28．如何協(xié)助胸部手術(shù)后病人進(jìn)行咳痰？ ................................................................ 63 29．胃腸減壓的護(hù)理及拔管后的護(hù)理？ ................................................................... 63 30．各類引流管的護(hù)理要點(diǎn)是什么？ ....................................................................... 64 31．胃腸減壓的原理及其裝置結(jié)構(gòu)？ ....................................................................... 64 32．國際抗癌協(xié)會制定的 TNM 分期法分別代表什么？ .............................................. 64 33．化療常見的毒性反應(yīng)有哪些？ .......................................................................... 65 34．化療藥液一旦外滲應(yīng)如何處理？ ....................................................................... 65 35．胸腔鏡手術(shù)病人的體位及切口的選擇？ ............................................................ 65 36．肺癌的臨床表現(xiàn) ............................................................................................... 65 37．肌無力危象和膽堿能危象的觀察比較 ................................................................ 66 38．腫瘤的擴(kuò)散與途徑 ............................................................................................ 67 39．胸腔閉式引流的適應(yīng)癥 ..................................................................................... 67 40．胸腔鏡術(shù)后的護(hù)理有哪些？ .............................................................................. 67 神經(jīng)外科護(hù) 士應(yīng)知應(yīng)會 ........................................ 68 1．何謂顱內(nèi)壓？其正常值？ ................................................................................... 68 .......................................................................... 68 5 3．顱內(nèi)容物包括哪些物質(zhì)？ ................................................................................... 68 4．何謂腦疝？常見的腦疝有哪幾種？ ..................................................................... 68 5．外科常用的脫水劑 ............................................................................................. 69 6．瞳孔的觀察要點(diǎn)？ ............................................................................................. 69 7．使用甘露醇的注意事項？ ................................................................................... 69 8．何謂腦室引流？指經(jīng)顱骨鉆孔從側(cè)腦室穿刺后，放置引流管，將腦脊液引流至體外，常選用非主要半球額角或枕角進(jìn)行穿刺。 ................................................................ 70 9． 腦室引流的目的？ ............................................................................................. 70 10．何謂冬眠低溫療法？作用機(jī)制是什么？ ............................................................ 70 11．何謂外傷性腦脊液漏？護(hù)理要點(diǎn)？ ................................................................... 71 科常見癥狀有哪些？ ............................................................................... 71 13．何謂失語癥？ ................................................................................................... 71 14．失語分幾種？ ................................................................................................... 71 15．何謂蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血？ ..................................................................................... 72 16．何謂腦動脈瘤？所至原因有哪些？ ................................................................... 72 17．格拉斯哥昏迷計分法？ ..................................................................................... 72 18．十二對顱神經(jīng)的名稱 ........................................................................................ 72 19． 20%甘露醇靜點(diǎn)時為什要快速滴入？ ................................................................. 73 ？ .................................................................................................... 73 21．什么叫意識朦朧？ ....................................................................