20xx電大動(dòng)畫(huà)視聽(tīng)語(yǔ)言期末重點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)資料匯總(全)(編輯修改稿)
2025-04-19 00:18 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ，形成的推、拉、移、升、降、旋等運(yùn)動(dòng)方式；利用鏡頭角度的不同，造成平、俯、仰、斜、正、側(cè)、逆等視角；利用景別的變換構(gòu)成遠(yuǎn)、全、中、近、特寫(xiě)等鏡頭畫(huà)面，從而展示人物關(guān)系、情緒以及環(huán)境氣氛的變化。借助于鏡頭調(diào)度，影片可以控制觀眾的注意力，其能吸引住觀眾的時(shí)間是喜劇所無(wú)法相比的。通常情況下，電影的這兩個(gè)調(diào)度層次是相互結(jié)合運(yùn)用的。2. 場(chǎng)面調(diào)度的形式（1） 平面場(chǎng)面調(diào)度（2） 環(huán)形場(chǎng)面調(diào)度（3） 縱身場(chǎng)面調(diào)度（4） 重復(fù)場(chǎng)面調(diào)度 例如我國(guó)影片《鄉(xiāng)音》中，先后出現(xiàn)過(guò)五次端洗腳水的動(dòng)作。（5） 象征場(chǎng)面調(diào)度（6） 對(duì)比場(chǎng)面調(diào)度（三） 蒙太奇學(xué)派與長(zhǎng)鏡頭學(xué)派的區(qū)別（論述題）P96蒙太奇學(xué)派：首先是從主觀的思考出發(fā)，然后結(jié)合對(duì)生活的客觀觀察確定構(gòu)思方案。它呈現(xiàn)給觀眾的視覺(jué)形象是短鏡頭，著重于寫(xiě)意的表現(xiàn)。也就是說(shuō)，蒙太奇學(xué)派主張的是一種主觀的、寫(xiě)意的藝術(shù)，講求對(duì)鏡頭的分切與組合，它的核心是“形象的隊(duì)列”。長(zhǎng)鏡頭學(xué)派：首先是從客觀的觀察出發(fā)，然后結(jié)合主觀思考確定實(shí)施方案。它呈現(xiàn)給觀眾的視覺(jué)形象是長(zhǎng)鏡頭，著重于寫(xiě)實(shí)的表現(xiàn)。也就是說(shuō)，長(zhǎng)鏡頭學(xué)派主張的是客觀寫(xiě)實(shí)的藝術(shù)，講求的是場(chǎng)面調(diào)度，其核心是“再現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)對(duì)象的真實(shí)”。需要指出的是，蒙太奇與長(zhǎng)鏡頭雖然存在著這些重要的差異，是兩種相互對(duì)立的理論、學(xué)說(shuō)或流派，但兩者之間也存在著相互滲透、相互借鑒和相互融合。事實(shí)上，不論是蒙太奇還是長(zhǎng)鏡頭，它們都是影視藝術(shù)的重要組成部分，蒙太奇學(xué)派與長(zhǎng)鏡頭學(xué)派都對(duì)影視藝術(shù)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響和促進(jìn)作用，當(dāng)代電影藝術(shù)仍然是在這兩種學(xué)說(shuō)基礎(chǔ)上的不斷更新與發(fā)展。蒙太奇與長(zhǎng)鏡頭的各自完善與深化，尤其是將兩者融為一體運(yùn)用（即長(zhǎng)短鏡頭相結(jié)合的運(yùn)用）的逐步推廣，將電影創(chuàng)作的總體水平提升到一個(gè)新的高度。第四節(jié)如何連接好前后兩個(gè)鏡頭（論述題）P97一、 鏡頭組接原則（一） 符合邏輯所謂鏡頭組接的邏輯性，包含三個(gè)主要方面：（1） 故事情節(jié)進(jìn)展的邏輯。（2）人物事件關(guān)系的邏輯。（3）時(shí)間、空間轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)的邏輯。（二） 景別的變化規(guī)律前進(jìn)式蒙太奇句型、后退式蒙太奇句型、環(huán)形蒙太奇句型（三） 遵守軸線規(guī)律（四） 使剪輯點(diǎn)流暢1. 畫(huà)面剪接點(diǎn)動(dòng)作剪輯點(diǎn)、情緒剪輯點(diǎn)、節(jié)奏剪輯點(diǎn)2. 聲音剪接點(diǎn)語(yǔ)言剪接點(diǎn)、音樂(lè)剪接點(diǎn)、音響剪接點(diǎn)（五） 符合“動(dòng)接動(dòng)”、“靜接靜”的規(guī)律1. 動(dòng)接動(dòng) 二、 畫(huà)面的分剪、挖剪、拼剪、變格剪輯（選擇題）（一） 分剪（簡(jiǎn)答題：什么是分剪？）分剪是指將一個(gè)鏡頭分成兩個(gè)鏡頭或兩個(gè)以上的鏡頭使用。目的和作用是： （1）加強(qiáng)戲劇性。（2）調(diào)整不合理的時(shí)空關(guān)系。（3）制造緊張氣氛和懸念。（4）增強(qiáng)節(jié)奏感。（二） 挖剪（三） 拼剪（四） 變格剪輯三、 場(chǎng)面轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)法則（一） 無(wú)技巧轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng) （二） 技巧轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)1. 淡入，又稱(chēng)漸顯、漸明2. 淡出，又稱(chēng)漸隱、漸暗3. 疊畫(huà)，又稱(chēng)“化”、“溶化”、“溶變”4. 劃，又稱(chēng)“劃變”5. 定格畫(huà)面6. 畫(huà)面疊印 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容，O(∩_∩)O謝謝！??！2015年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過(guò)小抄Shanghai’s Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the city’s history. Zhou Wenting travels this storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and Suzhou River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financial district. Shanghai’s other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has been somewhat overshadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, who arrived in the city after it was opened as a mercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the creek, they named it Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via the creek before rail links were established. But after a century of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods and labor, the creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along the banks. In the 1990s it became a key task of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic Waibaidu Bridge downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the city’s history, including the imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and the improvement in people’s living conditions. Where the Bund began Inbetween the shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a cluster of streets that give me the illusion that I am no longer in modern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old and crisscross each other. Any old residential house may turn out to be a former office of the British, constructed in the 1880s. Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the confluence of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin.
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