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half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5. 特例 [悄悄話:特例常常考,要記住。] ?、?child → children ?、?man → men woman → women policeman → policemen (規(guī)律:man → men) ?、?tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes [悄悄話: 初中英語以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只有這兩個(gè)詞加es,其余的當(dāng)然加s嘍!如:photo → photos ] ?、?foot → feet tooth → teeth [悄悄話: oo變成ee。] ?、?sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形 [悄悄話:變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞形不變。] ?、?people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,要求謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù); people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指多個(gè)民族?! ∪?、 不可數(shù)名詞的家務(wù)事 1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù),當(dāng)它作句子的主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如: The food is very fresh. 食品很新鮮?! ?. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞,有復(fù)數(shù)形式,但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如: water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子) 3. 很多的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)為不可數(shù),表示種類時(shí)就可數(shù),但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如: fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs 用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空?! ?. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill? 2. There is some________(food) in the basket. 3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle. 5. There are five________(people ) in his family. 6. Let39。s take________(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of________(tomato) here. 8. The________(leaf) on the tree turnyellow. 9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now. 10. Their________(dictionary) look new. 11. I see you have a few white________(hair). 12. They are________(woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please? 14. There are many________(fox) in the picture. 15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty. 參考答案: 1. sheep 2. food 3. teeth 4. water 5. people 6. photos 7. tomatoes 8. leaves 9. children 10. dictionaries 11. hair, hairs 12. women 13. orange 14. foxes 15. juice名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)“六注意”善問大王:Good afternoon, Mr ,請您給我再講一講好嗎? Mr Huang:別急!名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)需要注意六點(diǎn),下面我就一一給你道來: 一、可數(shù)名詞是可以用來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:deskdesks, appleapples等。不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,只有單數(shù)形式。如:some bread, a little milk等?! 《?、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí),前面要用不定冠詞a(an),表示特指時(shí),前面要用定冠詞the。 而不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a(an)修飾,表示特指時(shí),前面一定要用定冠詞the。如: He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人?! o one can see air. 沒有人能看見空氣?! ∪?、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等來修飾,表示一些,許多。如: There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子?! here is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有許多水?! ∷?、可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來表示具體的數(shù)量。如:two apples, four books等。不可數(shù)名詞前通常用單位詞+of來表示數(shù)量。如: a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等?! ∥濉⒖蓴?shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。如: This picture is very beautiful. 這幅畫很美?! 〔豢蓴?shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,但是不可數(shù)名詞前有復(fù)數(shù)單位詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如: There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有兩杯茶?! ×?、對可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用how many。 對不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用how much。如: How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少個(gè)蘋果? How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水? 注意:對不可數(shù)名詞前的單位詞的修飾語提問時(shí),疑問詞用how many。 如: How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盤子里有多少片面包? 善問大王:名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)有這么多的注意點(diǎn)?。∵@下我可全知道了!Thank you very much. Mr Zhang! Mr Zhang:You39。re wele.“行行色色”的名詞所有格在英語中,特別是表示有生命的名詞,可以加39。s表示所屬關(guān)系,名詞的這種形式我們稱之為名詞的所有格。 一、名詞詞尾加39。s的所有格 1. 一般情況在名詞后加39。s。例如: That girl39。s coat is in the room. 那個(gè)女孩的衣服在房間里?! ?. 在以s結(jié)尾的名詞(包括以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞)后面,只加 39。如果復(fù)數(shù)名詞不是以s結(jié)尾的,末尾也要加39。s。例如: Today is September 10th, Teachers39。 Day. 今天是九月十日,教師節(jié)。 Children39。s Day is ing, I should buy something new for my son. 兒童節(jié)馬上就要到了,我應(yīng)該為我的兒子買一些新東西?! ?. 表示詞組內(nèi)的并列名詞各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí),須在各個(gè)名詞后加39。s;如果一個(gè)東西為兩個(gè)人或者兩個(gè)以上的人共同擁有,只在最后一個(gè)名詞后面加39。s。例如: They are John39。s and Kate39。s rooms. How beautiful they are! 這是約翰和凱特的房間。它們(指房間)太漂亮了! He is Lily and Lucy39。s father. 他是莉莉和露西的爸爸。 4. 表示某人的家、店鋪等的所有格,一般可以省略它后面所修飾的名詞。例如: My father and I will have dinner at the Johnson39。s (home ). 我爸爸和我將要去約翰遜的家吃晚飯。 We will have our hair cut at the barber39。s (shop) tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我們要去理發(fā)店理發(fā)?! ?. 有些指時(shí)間、距離、國家、城鎮(zhèn)等的名詞,也可以加39。s構(gòu)成所有格。例如: There is something important in today39。s newspaper. 今天的報(bào)紙上有一些重要的東西?! t39。s about ten minutes39。 walk from school to our home every day. 每天從學(xué)校到我們家步行大約需要十分鐘。 6. 英語名詞所有格修飾的詞,如果前面已經(jīng)提到過,后面則可以省略,以防止重復(fù)。例如: This is not Dick39。s dictionary, but is Tom39。s. 這不是迪克的字典,但是是湯姆的?! 《⒂蒾f短語構(gòu)成的所有格 1. 表示“無生命的名詞”一般與of構(gòu)成短語,表示所有關(guān)系。例如: There is a river on the other side of the road. 在公路的另一邊有一條河。 2. 有時(shí)我們用名詞 + of +名詞所有格構(gòu)成雙重所有格的形式。例如: This is a photo of Mr Brown39。s. 這是一張布朗先生的照片。不用定冠詞的八項(xiàng)紀(jì)律 一、定冠詞不與表示一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用。例如: 1. I like reading the books.() I like reading books.(√) 2. She likes the cats.() She likes cats.(√) 二、定冠詞不能用在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前面。例如: 1. I have lunch at the noon.() I have lunch at noon.(√) 2. We go to school by the bus.() We go to school by bus.(√) 三、定冠詞不能用在某些專用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前面。例如: 1. I like the China.() I like China.(√) 2. Would you like a cup of the water? () Would you like a cup of water?(√) 四、定冠詞不能用在節(jié)日、日期、月份、季節(jié)前面。例如: 1. Today is the Teachers’ Day. () Today is Teachers’ Day.(√) 2. He was born in the May in 1987. () He was born in May in 1987. (√)五、定冠詞不能用在表示稱呼語或某些頭銜的名詞前面(尤其作表語、賓補(bǔ)時(shí))。例如: 1. Good morning, the sir!() Good morning, sir! (√) 2. I need some help, the Mummy.() I need some help, Mummy.(√) 六、定冠詞不能與名詞前已有作定語用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代詞連用。例如: 1. This the pen is mine. () This pen is mine.(√) 2. I have the some money. () I have some money. (√) 七、定冠詞不能用在表示科目名詞的前面。例如: 1. We will learn the Chinese, the history and the Maths this afternoon. () We will learn Chinese, history and Maths this afternoon.(√) 2. The English is the most interesting of all the subjects.() English is the most interesting of all the subjects.(√) 八、定冠詞不能用在三餐和球類運(yùn)動(dòng)名詞的前面。例如: 1. She goes to school after the breakfast every morning.() She goes to school after breakfast every morning.(√) 2. We often play the football after school. () We often play football after school. (√)介詞 for 的用法小結(jié)1. 表示“當(dāng)作、作為”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜歡把面包和牛奶作為早餐。 What will we have for supper? 我們晚餐吃什么? 2. 表示理由或原因,意為“因?yàn)?、由于”。? Thank you for helping me with my English. 謝謝你幫我學(xué)習(xí)英語?! hank you for your last letter. 謝謝你上次的來信