【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 me. 我后悔不該浪費(fèi)這么多時(shí)間。（實(shí)際上已經(jīng) 浪費(fèi)掉了。） ：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 形式為 “ would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”，此時(shí)要注意，主句的主語(yǔ)與從句的主語(yǔ)不能相同，因?yàn)橹骶涞闹髡Z(yǔ)所期望的從句動(dòng)作能否實(shí)現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語(yǔ)的態(tài)度或意愿（非動(dòng)作名詞除外）。如： I wish it would stop 。 I wish you would be 。 （ 2）在 suggest（建議） , demand(要求 ), order(命令 ), propose(建議 ), insist（堅(jiān)持要做） , mand(命令 ), request(要求 ), desire(希望 )等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 “ (should)+動(dòng)詞原形”，表示建議，要求，命令等。如： I suggest that we (should) start the meeting at 。 8 The undergraduate insisted that he (should) go to work in the 持要到南方去工作。 ★★ 當(dāng) suggest 表示暗示，主語(yǔ)為 something； insist 表示堅(jiān)持觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，后接的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)用真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣。比較： His silence suggested that he agreed with my 。 He suggested that I (should) stick to my 。 He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people’ s health. 他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為做早 操對(duì)健康有益。 He insists that he (should) do morning exercises every 。 3. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中的用法。 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為 advice, suggestion, order, proposal 等詞時(shí)后接表語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用“ (should)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示某人建議、勸告、命令等的內(nèi)如： My advice is that you should practise speaking English as often as 可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。 4．特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)。 （ 1）虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在狀語(yǔ)從句中 由 as if 或 as though 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句表示比較或方式時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 （用法與 wish 相同） The teacher treats the student as if he were her own 子一樣。 He speaks as if he had been to the United 。 （ 2）在 It is time (that)從句中，謂動(dòng)詞常用動(dòng)詞過去式或 should+動(dòng)詞原形 表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣 （ 3） I’ d rather (that)?句型中從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣， Eg. I would rather you did it now. I would rather you did it tomorrow. I would rather you had done it yesterday. 5. 用在 if only 引起的感嘆句中 （用法與 wish 相同） If only the driver didn‘t drive so fast! 6．在由 for fear that, in case, lest 等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，用 should+動(dòng)詞原形 考點(diǎn)四 ：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (1)can、 be able to 和 could ① can 和 be able to 都表示能力，意思上沒多大區(qū)別。但 can 只有現(xiàn)在和過去時(shí)，而 be able to則有更多的形式。但當(dāng)成功地完成某一具體動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常不用 could 而用 was/were able to來(lái)表示。這時(shí) was/were able to 相當(dāng)于 managed to，表示經(jīng)過一番努力，終于能夠完成某事。如： Can you use chopsticks? The wounded man still was able to get to the village and was saved in the end. ② can 和 could can 和 could 都可以表示能力、技能、許可、建議或請(qǐng)求和可能性。但比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法，一般用 could，回 答時(shí)則用 can。如： 9 Could you help me carry the bag? Can I help you? (2)may/might ① may/might 表示可能，但 may 比 might 可能性大。 isn‘t he in class? He may be sick.(生病的可能性較大 ) — He might be sick.(生病的可能性較小 ) ② may/might 表示“允許”， may 用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)， might 常用在間接引語(yǔ)中表過去時(shí)，但 might 也可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，表示比較委婉的語(yǔ)氣，回答用 may。如： He says we may leave. He said we might leave. ③ may / might 表示建議或請(qǐng)求，但 might 比 may 更客氣，意思更肯定而無(wú)過去時(shí)態(tài)的含義。 — May / Might I use your bike? —Yes, you can / may. No, you mustn‘t （ 3） must ① must 表示必須，應(yīng)該，沒有時(shí)態(tài)變化。如： You must do everything as I do. ② must 表示肯定的推測(cè)。如： The light is still on, so he must be at home. ③ mustn’ t 表示禁止做某事。如： You mustn‘t smoke in the office. （ 4） have to have to 表示“必須、不得不”，是由于某種外界（客觀）原因而“必須”，“不得不”做某事，也可表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的事“必須”做。 have to 的否定形式表示不必。 have to 可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)中。如： You will have to clean your own boots when you join the army. I have to be at my office every evening. （ 5） should / ought to ① should 和 ought to 表示應(yīng)當(dāng)、應(yīng)該，前者比后者語(yǔ)氣輕。如： You should / ought to work hard. ② should / ought to 的否定形式表示禁止之意。如： Children shouldn‘t smoke. ③ should 可表示陳述意見，推出 建議或請(qǐng)求；而 ought to 可以表示勸告之意。如： You ought to respect your parents. He suggested that they should leave at once. ④ should 可以用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話者“吃驚”的語(yǔ)氣， 常翻譯成“竟然”。 You can‘t imagine such a welldressed man should be so rude to a lady. （ 6） will / would ① will 用于各種人稱表示“意志”、“意愿”或“決 心”等，否定式 won’ t + 動(dòng)詞。如： I will tell you all about it. Tom won‘t do such a thing. ② will 用于疑問句中，常用在第二稱時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢觥罢?qǐng)求”或“詢問”如： Will you please tell her the news when you see her? 10 ③ will 表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，有“總是”、“慣于”的含義。如： Fish will die out of water. ④ would 表示客氣的請(qǐng)求、建議或意愿。如： Would you please be quiet? Would you like coffee? ⑤ would 表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如： When I passed my school I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago. （ 7） need need 作“必要”講，既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)后面的動(dòng)詞不定式要帶 to，其變化與一般動(dòng)詞相同。如： I need to think it over. Need you go now? —Yes, I must./No, I needn‘t （ 8） dare dare 表示“敢”的意思。作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用在疑問句和否定句中。 dare 若作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，后面可帶 to 的不定式，此時(shí) to 也可以省略。 dare 與 need 的用法相似。如： How dare you say that? She doesn‘t date(to)ask her father. （ 9） used to used to 表示過去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的習(xí)慣，但現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在了。如： He used to smoke. （ 10） shall ① shall 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于第二、三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人的意愿，有“命令”、“警告、威脅、強(qiáng)制”和“允許”等意思。如： We shall do as our teacher says. You shall have the book as soon as I finish it. ②在疑問句中， shall 用于征求對(duì)方的意見或請(qǐng)求指示，常用于第一、第三人稱。如： Where shall he wait for us? Shall we go out for a walk? 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 表示推測(cè)或判斷的用法 下表即是表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用的場(chǎng)合： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 對(duì)現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)的推測(cè) 對(duì)過去的推測(cè) 使 用 場(chǎng) 合 must + 動(dòng)詞原形 must+ have done 肯定句 may / might + 動(dòng)詞原形 May / might+ have done 肯定句、否定句 can /could +do Can / could+have done 否定句、疑問名（ could 可用于肯定句） should 用來(lái)表示一種估計(jì)的情況“按理會(huì) /估計(jì)會(huì)” should do/be should have done 肯定句、否定句、疑問句 例如： It must have rained last night. She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home. She can‘t be at home. = It is impossible that she is at home. They should be there right now. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中表 示責(zé)備的感情色彩，用法如下： 11 （ 1） should have done 表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上未做”，而 shouldn’ t have done 則表示“本不應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。如： You should have told me about it earlier. You shouldn‘t have said such words to your parents. （ 2） ought to have done 也表示“本應(yīng)該??”而 ought not to have done 則意為“本不應(yīng)該??”。如： You ought to have told me about it earlier. You ought not to have said such words to your parents. （ 3） needn’ t have done 表示“本無(wú)必要做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。如： You needn‘t have walked so quickly since time was enough. （ 4） could have done 表示“本來(lái)有可能??而事實(shí)上未做到”。如： I could have e on time, but my car broke on the way. 二、精典名題導(dǎo)解 選擇填空 1. I was really anxious about you. You________home without a word.(NMET 2022) ‘t have ‘t have left ‘t have left ‘t have 解析：答案為 B