【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 loud noise from the front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released. 這本來(lái)應(yīng)是一段故事性很強(qiáng)的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫(xiě)，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒(méi)有人物語(yǔ)言，把 懸念 給沖淡了?？勺魅缦抡{(diào)整 : I was in the kitchen cooking something. Crash! a loud noise came from the front. Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, Who? No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. It39。s you. I said, quite released. 11 二、寫(xiě)好記敘文的基本要領(lǐng) 1. 頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚 寫(xiě)好記敘文，首先要頭緒分明，脈絡(luò)清楚，明確文章要求寫(xiě)什么。要對(duì)所寫(xiě)的事件或人物進(jìn)行分析，弄清事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展一直到結(jié)束的整個(gè)過(guò)程，然后再收集選取素材。這些素材都應(yīng)該跟上述五個(gè) W 和一個(gè) H 有關(guān) 。盡管不是每篇記敘文里都必須包括這些 W 和 H ，但動(dòng)筆之前，圍繞五個(gè) W 和 H 進(jìn)行構(gòu)思是必不可少的。 2. 突出中心，詳略得當(dāng) 在文章的框架確定后，對(duì)支持故事的素材的選取是很關(guān)鍵的。選材要注意取舍，應(yīng)該從表現(xiàn)文章主題的需要出發(fā)，分清主次，定好詳略。要突出重點(diǎn)，詳寫(xiě)細(xì)述那些能表現(xiàn)文章主題的重要情節(jié)，略寫(xiě)粗述那么非關(guān)鍵的次要情節(jié)。面面俱到反而使情節(jié)羅列化，使人不得要領(lǐng)。這一點(diǎn)是寫(xiě)好記敘文要解決的一個(gè)基本問(wèn)題，也需要一定的技巧。如 : One night a man came to our house and told me, There is a family with eight children. They have not eaten for days. I took some food with me and went. When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured （破壞外貌） by hunger. There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger. I gave the rice to the mother. She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice. When she came back, I asked her, Where did you go? she gave me this simple answer, To my neighbors they are hungry also! 3. 用活語(yǔ)言，準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng) 記敘文要用具體的事件和生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言對(duì)人、事、物加以敘述。一篇好的記敘文的語(yǔ)言既要準(zhǔn)確、生動(dòng)，又要表現(xiàn)力強(qiáng)，這樣才能把人、事描寫(xiě)得具體生動(dòng)，其可讀性才強(qiáng)。試比較下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。 原文 : One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away. He was soon lost among people and traffic. He could not find the way back home and started crying. Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying. They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened. Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived. The two students 12 decided to take him home. Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang e back safe and sound. She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn39。t take it. She served them with tea but they left. 修改后 : The other day, fiveyearold Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street. After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home. But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic. When he could not find the way home, he started and crying. Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop. They immediately went up to him. Little boy, why are you standing here crying? they asked. I want Mom, I go home. said the boy, still crying. Don39。t worry, we39。ll send you home. And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy39。s house. With the help of a policeman, they finally found it. When the worried mother saw her son e back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house. Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea. 寫(xiě)作練 習(xí) 1. 請(qǐng)用所給詞的正確形式完成下文 It39。s seven o39。clock on the morning of June 1st. Tom 1＿＿＿＿＿（ get） up. He 2＿＿＿＿（ put） on his clothes and his shoes. He 3＿＿＿＿（ go） to the zoo with his classmates and his teachers. His mother 4＿＿＿ (be) busy 5＿＿＿＿＿（ cook） breakfast for him. His father 6＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（ prepare）for his trip. He 7＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（ put） some food, some fruit and a bottle of water into his son39。s bag now. 2 .Peter 是加拿大留學(xué)生，他在課堂上聽(tīng)不懂老師用漢語(yǔ)講課。假如你是李英，請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)封 ，簡(jiǎn)單介紹你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的方法和體會(huì)，并針對(duì)他的困難提出兩至三條學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的建議。提示詞語(yǔ)： study with a group, think, help, listen to, watch 注意事項(xiàng) :詞數(shù)不少 于 60 字。 提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用。文中不得寫(xiě)出自己的真實(shí)姓名和所在班級(jí) Dear Peter, 13 I?m sorry to hear that you have some trouble learning Chinese. I have some ideas that may help. For example, I always improve my English by studying with a group. Sometimes I also read aloud to practice my pronunciation. However, I think the best way is to watch English movies, because I can watch the actors say the Chinese is about the same. If I were you, I?d watch Chinese movies. Also you can listen to tapes as much as possible or join a Chinese club to talk to your friends. I hope you will have fun learning Chinese. Good luck! Love, Li Ying 3. 每個(gè)人都有自己的喜好。請(qǐng)你從課余生活方面，談?wù)勀阕钕矚g什么和原因 。你又有什么設(shè)想或打算？以及你將具體如何準(zhǔn)備呢？ After school, I like playing with small animals. Dogs make the best pets. They?re loyal to people. In the future, I want to be a vet (an animal doctor) so that I can put my interest to good use. It?s all I?ve ever wanted to can I make my dream e true? First, I?ll keep a dog in my house and look after her carefully. In my spare time, I?ll take her for walks, clean her bed, wash her bowl, and train her. Life with her must be perfect. From now on, I?ll surely study harder to know more about animals. 4. 每個(gè)人都有自己的喜好。請(qǐng)你從課內(nèi)學(xué)科方面，談?wù)勀阕钕矚g的科目是什么 ,為什么？有什么設(shè)想或打算？你又將如何準(zhǔn)備呢？ I learn many subjects at school. I like English best because it?s interesting and easy. In the future, I want to be an English reporter, so that I can put my interest to good use. How can I make my dream e true? I?ll surely study harder. First, I?m going to read more English magazines to improve my English reading skills. Besides, English clubs are good places to improve my spoken English, so I?ll join one and practice every day. In a word, I?ll try my best to make progress in English. 5. 臨近初三畢業(yè)，你的生活一定是緊張而快樂(lè)的，請(qǐng)以 My School Day 為話(huà)題，寫(xiě)下你初中的生活中經(jīng)典的一天，并寫(xiě)下你對(duì)初中生活的感言。提示詞語(yǔ)： busy, happy, help, homework, future My School Day I?ll say bye to my school soon, so these days I?m pretty busy with my preparation 14 work. E