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type and number/ of all progeny/ produced from each pair of parent pea plants, and followed the results/ of each cross for two generations. ? 他也記錄了來自于每一對親本的所有子代的類型和數(shù)量 , 和兩個子代雜交的結果 。 ? For each of the characters /he studied, Mendel found that /one trait was dominant [39。d?min?nt] /while the other was recessive [ri39。sesiv] . ? 對于他研究的每個特征而言 , 孟德爾發(fā)現(xiàn)一個特征是顯性的 ,那么另一個就是隱性的 。 ? In the second filial [39。filj?l] (F2) generation, the ratio /of dominant to recessive /was 3:1. ? 在子 2代中 , 顯性與隱性比為 3∶ 1。 ? Mendel deduced that/ this results was possible /only if /each individual possesses only two hereditary units, one from each parent. ? 孟德爾推論 :只有在每個個體僅擁有兩個遺傳單元 , 并每個單元來自一個親本時 , 實驗結果才成立 。 ? The units /Mendel hypothesized [hai39。p?θisaiz]/ are today known as /alleles [?39。li:l] , alternative forms of genes. ? 孟德爾假設的遺傳單元就是今天共識的等位基因 ,基因的兩種形式 。 ? Genes are the basic units of heredity. ? 基因是遺傳的基本單元 . ? An anism /that inherits /identical alleles for a trait/ from each parent/ is said to be homozygous /[h?m?39。zaig?s] for that trait。 if different alleles for a trait /are inherited, the anism is heterozygous [het?r?u39。zaig?s] for that trait. ? 從親本遺傳而來的是一個特征的兩個相同的等位基因的個體被認為是純合的 。 反之 ,遺傳而來的是兩個不同的等位基因的個體 , 就是雜合的 。 ? When an anism/ is heterozygous /for a trait, the resulting phenotype [39。fi:n?taip]/ for that trait /expresses only the dominant allele. ? 對某一個特征而言 ,當個體是雜合時,它的表型僅由顯性基因決定。 ? Thus,the anism’s phenotypeits physical appearance and properties/differs from /its genotype [39。d?en?taip] , which may include /both a dominant and a recessive allele. / ? 因此 , 生物的表型與基因型是不同的 ,表型是個體的物理特征和品質 , 而基因型包括一個顯性基因和一個隱性基因 。 A pictorial representation of/ all possible bination of a geic cross/ is known as a Punt square. 遺傳雜交的所有可能的組合圖表被稱為旁納特方格。 ? Punt square:a method used to determine the probabilities of bination in a zygote [39。zaig?ut] . ?