【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ............................................................................ 22 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器及試劑 ............................................................................................. 22 采樣與樣品前處理 ........................................................................................... 23 脂肪與含水率測(cè)定 ........................................................................................... 23 脂肪酸的測(cè)定 .................................................................................................. 25 儀器分析 ......................................................................................................... 26 質(zhì)量控制與質(zhì)量保證 ....................................................................................... 26 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析 ........................................................................................................ 27 結(jié)果與討論 ........................................................................................................... 27 脂肪酸濃度水平 .............................................................................................. 27 脂肪酸的組成特征 ........................................................................................... 31 不同部位肌肉中脂肪酸的濃度水平與組成特征 ................................................. 33 內(nèi)臟器官中脂肪酸的濃度水平與組成特征 ........................................................ 38 結(jié)論 ...................................................................................................................... 43 太湖魚(yú)體中脂肪酸與 PCBs 和 PBDEs 的暴露水平、分布特征 和 益害分析 X 第三章 魚(yú)體中 PCBS和 PBDES暴露水平和分布特征 .................................................... 44 前言 ..................................................................................................................... 44 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分 .............................................................................................................. 44 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器及試劑 ............................................................................................. 44 采樣和樣品前處理 .......................................................................................... 46 PCBs 與 PBDEs的測(cè)定 .................................................................................. 46 儀器分析 ........................................................................................................ 46 質(zhì)量控制與質(zhì)量保證 ...................................................................................... 47 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析 ........................................................................................................ 48 結(jié)果與討論 ........................................................................................................... 48 混合肌肉樣中 PCBs ........................................................................................ 48 混合肌肉樣中 PBDEs...................................................................................... 53 不同部位肌肉樣中 PCBs ................................................................................. 58 不同部位肌肉樣 PBDEs .................................................................................. 61 結(jié)論 ...................................................................................................................... 64 第四章 食用太湖魚(yú)類(lèi)的益害評(píng)估 ................................................................................... 65 前言 ..................................................................................................................... 65 評(píng)估方法 .............................................................................................................. 65 魚(yú)體脂肪酸與 PCBs、 PBDEs 的含量測(cè)定 ...................................................... 65 太湖魚(yú)類(lèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值評(píng)估方法 .......................................................................... 66 EPA+DHA與污染物共攝入益害評(píng)估方法 ...................................................... 66 結(jié)果與討論 ........................................................................................................... 68 太湖魚(yú)類(lèi)營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值評(píng)估 ................................................................................. 68 EPA+DHA和污染物共攝入益害評(píng)估 ............................................................. 71 EPA+DHA和污染物共攝入益害評(píng)估的不確定性 ........................................... 74 結(jié)論 ...................................................................................................................... 75 第五章 創(chuàng)新與展望 ........................................................................................................ 76 創(chuàng)新 ..................................................................................................................... 76 展望 ..................................................................................................................... 76 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................................................................................ 78 作者攻讀博士學(xué)位期間發(fā)表論文 .................................................................................... 97 致 謝 ............................................................................................................................. 98 上海大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文 XI 英文簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)與中文對(duì)照 表 英文簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě) 全稱(chēng) 中文 AA Arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸 BCRR Benefit cancer risk ratio 致癌益害比 BNRR Benefit noncancer risk ratio 非 致癌益害比 DHA Docosahexaenoic acid 二十二碳六烯酸 EFAs Essential fatty acids 必需脂肪酸 EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid 二十碳五烯酸 FA Fatty acid 脂肪酸 GCMS Gas chromatograph massspectrometer 氣相色譜質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀 LCFAs Longchain fatty acids 長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸 MCFAs Mediumchain fatty acids 中鏈脂肪酸 MUFAs Monounsaturated fatty acids 單不飽和脂肪酸 n3 PUFAs n3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids n3系多不飽和脂肪酸 n6 PUFAs n3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids n6系多不飽和脂肪酸 OCPs Organochlorine pesticides 有機(jī)氯農(nóng)藥 PAHs Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 多環(huán)芳烴 PBDEs Polybrominated diphenyl ethers 多溴聯(lián)苯醚 PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls 多氯聯(lián)苯 POPs Persistent anic pollutants 持久性有機(jī)污染物 PUFAs Polyunsaturated fatty acids 多不飽和脂肪酸 SCFAs Shortchain f