【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 “chopped” into small bursts of variable duty cycle in order to control the speed and torque of the motor. With EVs using AC motors, the direct current from the battery must undergo plex power condition in order to deliver alternating current and provide control over motoring output. The main disadvantage of BEVs is limited energy stores due to the limitations of the secondary battery, and HEVs tend to be plagued by increased mass and costs due to the increased plexity of the power system. 2 Batterypower Electric Vehicle (BEV) For the batterypower electric vehicles, there is either a purposebuilt EV or a conversion of an existing gasoline powered vehicle. Some of the EVs, such as GM EV1, Ford Ranger and Toyota Prius will be shown below. GEN11General Motor EV1 The next generation GM EV1 is a purposebuilt electric vehicle with software upgrades, refine ride and handling, impotents of GM EV1 is shown in the first time, the EV1 offers two battery technologies。 an advanced, high capacity leadacid, and an optional nickelmetal hydride. Propulsion/Electronics ?Configuration: Transversemounted, frontwheel drive. ?Motor Type: Threephase, alternating current (AC) induction. ?Power Rating: 102 kW (137 horsepower) at 7000 r/min. ?Transaxle Type: Singlespeed with dual reduction gears. ?Power Management System。 Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) power inverter. Figure1 Components of GM EV1 ?Battery Packs: Standard: 26 valveregulated highcapacity leadacid modules. Optional: 26 valveregulated nickelmetal hydride modules. ?Rated Maximum Battery Pack Storage Capacity: Standard: Highcapacity leadacid *h/60A*h (312 volts). Optional: Nickelmetal hydride *h/77A*h (343 volts). Battery packs Weight: Standard: Highcapacity leadacid . Optional: Nickelmetal hydride . ?Charges and Charge Port: Listed by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. ?Battery Pack, Charging System and Vehicle: Classified by Underwriters Laboratories for indoor charging. Body/Chassis ?2passenger coupe. ?Body Type: Aluminum alloy structure jointed with welds, rivets and structural adhesive. ?Dent/CorrosionResistant Composite Exterior Panels: Hood, doors, roof and trunk lid (Sheet Molding Compound (SMC))。front fenders, rear quarter panels, rocker panels, rearwheel skirts, aerodynamic belly pan (Reinforced Reaction Injection Molding(RRIM) polyurethane). ?Body panels are 100% recyclable and very lightweight. Suspension ?Front Suspension: Aluminum short/long arm with coil spring over shock absorber with stabilizer bar. ?Rear Suspension: Multilink aluminum beam with Pan hard rod. Steering ?Steering Type: Electrohydraulic, power rackandpinion (speedsensitive, variableeffort). ?Steering Ratio: :1. ?Turning Diameter: ft (). ?Steering wheel Turns: (locktolock). Braking System ?Braking System: Electrohydraulic, powerassisted front and electric rear with blended regenerative and antilock features. Front: in ( mm) solid discs with aluminum calipers. Rear: in ( mm) metalmatrix posite drums with electric actuation. ?Park brake: Electric actuation with gear selector, or push button. Wheels ?Wheels: 14 in () aluminum alloy. ?Tires: P175/65R14 Michelin Proximal。 allseason radial with selfsealing, punctureresistant feature. Safety Features ?Antilock braking system. ?Traction control. ?Check tire pressure system. ?Air bags and threepoint shoulder/lap seatbelts. ?Projector low beam/reflector optic high beam headlights. ?Daytime running lamps(DRL). ?Electronic keypad entry/vehicle activation system with programmable personal identificati on number. ?Electric windshield defogger/deicer. ?Electric rear window defogger with automatic shutoff. Comfort/Convenience Features ?Power windows, door locks and dual outside mirrors. ?Cruise control with downgrade and upgrade speed regulation. ?Premium AM/FM stereo with cassette and CD player, four speakers and digital clock. ?Computercontrolled “heat pump” climate control system with preconditioning feature and CFCfree air conditioning refrigerant。 new electric heater. ?Centermounted vacuum fluorescent instrumentation. ?Interior courtesy lights with delayed shutoff feature. ?Solar reflective/absorptive glass. ?Intermittent windshield wipers with washer system. ?Remote hood and trunk lid releases. ?Fourway adjustable bucket seats with lightweight alloy frames. ?Carpeted floor mats. ?Carpeted cargo area with cargo . Performance ?060 mph () acceleration in less than 9 seconds. ?Electronically regulated top speed of 80 mph (). ? aerodynamic dray coefficients (25% lower than any other production car). ?Estimated Range: Standard: Highcapacity leadacid battery pack5595 miles ( km) per charge. Optional: Nickelmetal hydride battery pack75130miles () per charge. ?Estimated Energy Consumption Information (kW *h per 100 miles): Standard: Highcapacity leadacid battery pack26city/26 highway. Optional: Nickelmetal hydride battery pack34city/30highway. ?Estimated Time from Zero to Complete State of Charge at 70 degrees with normal humidity: Standard: Highcapacity leadacid battery to 6 hours using the 220volt () Charger。 22 to 24 hours using the 110volt () convenience charger. Optional: Nickelmetal hydride battery pack6 to 8 hours using the 220volt () charge. ?600 mph braking distance of 160 feet (). ?Size (Figure ): Wheelbase: in (2512 mm). Length: in (4310 mm). Width: in (1766 mm, overall). Height: in (1282 mm). Track (front): in (1270 mm). Track (rear): in (1244 mm). Vehicle Curb weight: Ledacid: 3086 lb (1400 mm). NiMH: 2908 lb (1320 mm). ?Min. ground clearance: in Figure2 GM EV1 (127mm). Figure2 GM EV ?Head room: in (955 mm). ?Shoulder room: in