【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 A.many other countries are facing the same problemB.whitecollar workers in the US used to make more money than bluecollar workersC.fewer students will prefer to go to college in the futureD.the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education（2）Which of the following is NOT a reason why college enrollments go up every year? A.Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education.B.Many parents want their children to go to college.C.High school teachers urge their students to go to college.D.Every young man and woman wants to go to college.（3）By saying many people go to college who do not belong there, the author means that . people who are not fit for college education go to college people who do not have enough money go to college people who go to college drop out within the first year people who go to college have their hopes destroyed（4）We can infer from the passage that the author believes that . young man and woman should go to college education is a bad thing with a college education should receive higher pay people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled jobs【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，通過調(diào)查告訴人們要改變傳統(tǒng)的觀念:應(yīng)首先考慮選擇技術(shù)性的工作——因?yàn)樗狈θ瞬?待遇更高。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“The old gap that whitecollar workers make a better living than bluecollar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favours the skilled workmen.” 可推知白領(lǐng)工人以前比藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人賺的錢多,故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Parents begin indoctrinating (灌輸) their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Whether they want to go to college or not doesn39。t matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go.”可知A,B,C三項(xiàng)正確,而D項(xiàng)不是大學(xué)入學(xué)人數(shù)增加的原因,故選D。 （3）考查句義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Of the sixty per cent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up.”可知作者列舉了三種情況,說明有些人不適合大學(xué)教育,故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知,作者通過調(diào)查告訴人們大學(xué)教育的人才過多,而技術(shù)工人又非常缺乏,因而待遇反而更高。接著又分析了造成這種狀況的原因。最后還談到了很多學(xué)生上了大學(xué)卻因種種原因無法完成學(xué)業(yè)。所有這些都在暗示人們,上大學(xué)的人應(yīng)該減少,而參加技術(shù)工作的人應(yīng)該增多，故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷和句義猜測兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 Limiting kids39。 recreational(消遣的) screen time to less than two hours a day, along with enough sleep and physical activity, is associated with improved cognition(認(rèn)知), according to a study published in The Lancet Child amp。 Adolescent Health. The study included about 4,500 US children aged 8 to 11 and measured their habits against the Canadian 24Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth. It found that 51% of the children got the remended(建議) nine to eleven hours of uninterrupted sleep per night, 37% met the recreational screen time limit of two hours or less per day, while 18% met the physical activity remendation of at least 60 minutes of accumulated physical activity a day. Only 5% of the children in the study met all three remendations。 30% met none at all. The researchers found that as each remendation was met by a participant, there was a positive association with global cognition, which includes memory, attention, processing speed and language. Those who met all three had the most superior global cognition, followed by those meeting the sleep and screen time remendation and finally the screen time remendation alone, according to the study. Other organizations, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics have guidelines in place to help with the management of children39。s screen time. The organization suggests putting realistic rules or limits in place for how long your children are on their screens, knowing who they are talking to and what they are doing. The amount of remended screen time depends on the age of the child. Besides, parents should also make sure to encourage physical activity and have bedroom rules such as creating techfree zones.（1）Who are the target readers of this passage? ....（2）What is the main idea of this passage? study on children39。s screen time is published. US children fail to meet movement guidelines. are concerned about children39。s cognition. on children39。s screen time is linked to better cognition.（3）According to the passage, which of the following might contribute least to cognition? screen time limit. hours. physical activity time. hours and the screen time limit.（4）Why does the American organization suggest creating techfree zones? make sure children have enough physical playtime. make sure children have enough sleep time. make sure children have recreational time. protect children against radiation.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，建議父母們要把孩子的屏幕消遣時(shí)間限制在2小時(shí)之內(nèi)、保證孩子有足夠的睡眠和鍛煉，因?yàn)檫@樣做可以讓孩子有更好的認(rèn)知能力。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Limiting kids39。 recreational(消遣的) screen time to less than two hours a day, along with enough sleep and physical activity, is associated with improved cognition(認(rèn)知), according to a study published in The Lancet Child amp。 Adolescent Health.”可知，本文主要建議父母們要把孩子的屏幕消遣時(shí)間限制在2小時(shí)之內(nèi)、保證孩子有足夠的睡眠和鍛煉，這樣做可以讓孩子有更好的認(rèn)知能力。所以本文的目標(biāo)讀者是父母們，而不是研究人員、老師或兒童。故選C。 （2）考查主旨大意。本文主要建議父母們要把孩子的屏幕消遣時(shí)間限制在2小時(shí)之內(nèi)、保證孩子有足夠的睡眠和鍛煉。根據(jù)第三段中的“Those who met all three had the most 39。superior39。 global cognition…”告訴父母們?nèi)绻麄冞@樣做可以讓孩子有更好的認(rèn)知能力。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Those who met all three had the most 39。superior39。 global cognition, followed by those meeting the sleep and screen time remendation and finally the screen time remendation alone, according to the study.”可知，滿足三個(gè)要求的人認(rèn)知能力最好，接下來是滿足睡眠時(shí)間以及屏幕消遣限制時(shí)間，最后是滿足屏幕消遣限制時(shí)間。據(jù)此推斷，體育鍛煉對(duì)認(rèn)知能力影響最小。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Besides, parents should also make sure to encourage physical activity and have bedroom rules such as creating 39。techfree zones39。.”可知,the American Academy of Pediatrics建議父母們給孩子設(shè)立睡眠規(guī)則，例如“techfree zones”，目的是確保孩子在臥室里有足夠的睡眠時(shí)間。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)