【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 類文章。文章介紹了一種品質(zhì)：韌性（resilience）。文章介紹了什么是韌性，韌性的作用，如何培養(yǎng)韌性等內(nèi)容。（1）推理判斷題。由第二段中的“People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity (逆境) won39。t know how resilient they are. It39。s only when they39。re faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, es out. Some give in and some conquer”可知，那些沒有經(jīng)歷過逆境的人不會(huì)知道自己有多大的韌性。只有當(dāng)他們面對(duì)障礙，壓力等逆境時(shí)，他們才能知道自己的韌性有多大。有的人向逆境屈服，有的人成功度過了逆境。由此可知，那些成功度過逆境的人屬于非常有韌性的人。韌性應(yīng)該指克服逆境的能力。故答案選D。（2）詞義猜測題。由第三段中的“The resilient children had what psychologists call an “internal lens of control(內(nèi)控點(diǎn))”. They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.”可知，那些有韌性的孩子擁有所謂的“內(nèi)控點(diǎn)”。他們認(rèn)為他們影響了自己的成就，而不是他們所處的環(huán)境影響了他們的成就。這些有韌性的孩子將自己看作是自己命運(yùn)的主宰者。由此可知，they指的就是the resilient children。故答案選B。（3）推理判斷題。由第四段中的“He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might e from perception(認(rèn)知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(創(chuàng)傷), or as an opportunity to learn and grow.”可知，一些人比另一些人更擅長處理逆境。這種差別來自他們的認(rèn)知。如果他們將逆境當(dāng)做是學(xué)習(xí)和成長的機(jī)會(huì)，對(duì)此做出積極的反應(yīng)，那么，他們就能很好的處理逆境。反之，如果他們做出消極的反應(yīng)，那么，他們就不能很好的來處理逆境。由此可以推知，積極的認(rèn)知可以改變逆境，使情況朝著好的方向發(fā)展。故答案選A。（4）寫作意圖題。文章第一段以例子提出“resilience”這個(gè)話題。第二段解釋了什么是resilience，第三和第四段以Garmezy的研究說明，當(dāng)面對(duì)逆境的時(shí)候，韌性可以幫助我們扭轉(zhuǎn)逆境，關(guān)鍵在于要有積極的認(rèn)知。第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)，積極的認(rèn)知是可以學(xué)習(xí)的。故這篇文章的寫作意圖就是告訴讀者如何使自己有韌性：用積極的態(tài)度去對(duì)待逆境。故答案選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解寫作意圖、態(tài)度解題技巧：根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的（1）寫作目的（to entertain readers）常見于故事類的文章。（2）寫作目的（to persuade readers）常見于廣告類的文章。在這樣的文章中，作者或是要推銷一種產(chǎn)品﹑一種服務(wù)（to sell a product or a service），或是要通過對(duì)旅游景點(diǎn)﹑報(bào)刊雜志﹑影片﹑電視節(jié)目等的介紹來達(dá)到他的寫作目的：吸引更多的游客﹑讀者或訂戶﹑觀眾等（to attract more visitors / readers / audience）（3）寫作目的（to inform readers）多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會(huì)類的文章，了解這類文章的寫作目的有賴于對(duì)文章主題的正確把握，閱讀時(shí)有必要找準(zhǔn)文章的主題句，或較好地對(duì)主題加以歸納。4．閱讀理解 Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed? In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影響) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area. It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破壞) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative and do not like change. Although we have to respect people39。s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.（1）What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph? A.Some of them are not attractive.B.Most of them are too expensive to preserve.C.They are more pleasing than modern buildings.D.They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the author? A.We should reproduce the same old buildings.B.Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.C.Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.D.No one understands why people speak against new buildings.（3）By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “_______”. A.destroy old buildingsB.put things in a different placeC.choose new architectural styleD.respect people39。s feelings for historical buildings（4）What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To explain why people dislike change.B.To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.C.To warn that we could end up living in caves.D.To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章是對(duì)于現(xiàn)在人們經(jīng)常討論的問題——是否現(xiàn)代建筑應(yīng)該和古老的歷史建筑在一起——進(jìn)行了闡述，在作者看來歷史建筑應(yīng)該保存，但是我們的建筑風(fēng)格也應(yīng)該改變，不能因?yàn)闅v史建筑破壞我們的生活。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中not all historical buildings are ，一些歷史建筑不夠有吸引力，故選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破壞) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings ，一些新建筑破壞了所在的區(qū)域，但古建筑也有這種情況，故作者認(rèn)為一些歷史建筑破壞了他們生活的地方，故選C。(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves .（如果建筑師不改變建筑風(fēng)格，我們現(xiàn)在還住在山洞里面）可推知，“moving things forward”指“選擇新的建筑風(fēng)格”，故選C。(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city?可知，這篇文章是討論現(xiàn)代建筑是否可以建在歷史遺跡的地方，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】英語閱讀理解議論文解題技巧：英語議論文通常為三段式，即“論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論”三部份組成。首先借助某一現(xiàn)象引出論點(diǎn)，然后通過一定論據(jù)從各個(gè)層面上加以推理論證，最后得出結(jié)論。議論文體主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)論點(diǎn)及論據(jù)的把握。因此，遇到議論文體時(shí)，應(yīng)采取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨，弄清作者的觀點(diǎn)2017高考英語閱讀理解類型及答題技巧2017高考英語閱讀理解類型及答題技巧。一般來說，作者的論點(diǎn)通常在文章首段被引出，接著是對(duì)這一論點(diǎn)的邏輯推理和論證，最后為結(jié)論。還應(yīng)注意的是：在對(duì)論點(diǎn)論證的過程中，每一段的首句都是該段的主題句。把握全文論點(diǎn)、弄清論證各段的主題句、理解文章層次、找出中心論點(diǎn)的位置是理解議論文的關(guān)鍵。5．閱讀理解 The next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you, at least if furniture maker Ikea has any say in the matter. The Swedish furniture pany39。s “futureliving” research lab in Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it es to smart furniture. AI is now walking into more aspects of people39。s daily lives. Selfdriving cars are just around the corner, and AI robots can play and beat the best players of strategy games. As smart home technologies have bee more