【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it39。s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize. While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weatherrelated factor determining mental health outes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness. For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to pare daily environmental data from the university39。s Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center. Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feelgood neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What39。s more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy. If you39。re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health. We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients39。 scores on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime, Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study39。s lead author, told The Huffington Post. People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that.（1）What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1? the benefits of sunshine. hibernating in springtime. up in a blanket in cold weather. sunshine even in cold weather.（2）The underlined word soar in Paragraph 5 most probably means ? sharply. unstably. slightly. greatly.（3）What does the passage say about the research done by BYU? is done on normal adults of various ages. is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher alone. concludes the sunshine means happiness. finds that temperature affects mental health.（4）What can be inferred from the passage? vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energetic research findings are inconsistent with the popular belief. more sunshine we get, the less excited we are likely to feel. link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明：陽光照射是影響心理健康結(jié)果的最重要的天氣因素。換句話說：陽光越多，幸福越多。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it39。s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize”花時(shí)間曬太陽，甚至當(dāng)外面很冷的時(shí)候也要這樣做，這可能對你的情緒有很大好處?？芍?，作者建議我們曬太陽，哪怕天氣很冷。故選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第五段中的“If you39。re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar.”如果你獲得足夠的陽光，你的情緒應(yīng)該會(huì)保持相對地穩(wěn)定。可以推知，當(dāng)光照量減少的時(shí)候，人們的情緒就不會(huì)那么穩(wěn)定，痛苦情緒就會(huì)增加。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weatherrelated factor determining mental health outes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.”研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，陽光照射是影響心理健康結(jié)果最重要的天氣因素。換句話說：陽光越多，越快樂。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that”人們傾向于將雨天、污染和其他氣象現(xiàn)象與悲傷或抑郁聯(lián)系起來，但我們的研究沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)?？芍?，BYU的研究結(jié)果和大眾的看法不一致。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn39。t the first urban center to be involved in carfree living. But the ban is more than an awarenessraiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some of the area39。s cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City39。s temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world39。s dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on newcar purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternateday rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (擁擠) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region39。s rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.（1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A.By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week.B.By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday.C.By limiting the number of new cars.D.By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A.Raised the number of public vehicles.B.Offered free bus and subway rides.C.Introduced more travel options.D.Encouraged citizens to leave the city.（3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A.Alternateday rules.B.Tax rises.C.Congestion charge.D.The rainy season.（