【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ctive responses, while they often gave girls mild and unclear reactions because of their silence. Too often, girls remain in the dark about the quality of their answers. Active students receiving precise feedback are more likely to achieve academically. And they are more likely to be boys. This kind of munication game is played at work, as well as at school. As reported in numerous studies, it goes like this. Men speak more often and frequently interrupt women. Listeners recall more from male speakers than from female speakers, even when both use a similar speaking style and cover the same content. Women participate less actively in conversation. They do more smiling and gazing, and they are more often the passive by standers in professional and social conversations among peers. Women often their own statements into unsure ments. This is acplished by using qualifiers and by adding tag question. These uncertain patterns weaken impact and signal a lack of power and influence. Only when girls are active and treated equally in the classroom will they be more likely to achieve equality in the workplace.（1）What does the authors mean when they say“Education is not a bystanders sport.”? A.Both boys and girls should do more sports.B.The girl students should be the audience to watch the boy students39。 discussions.C.The boy students should not be too active in the classroom discussions.D.Both boy and girl students should take an active part in the classroom discussions.（2）Which of the following is Not true? A.Girls39。 scores are lower than boys on SATs.B.Girls control classroom discussion in reading while boys in maths.C.Boys control classroom discussion in both reading and maths.D.Boys are more confident in calling out answers to catching the teachers39。 attention.（3）The factors that contribute to the students39。 effective learning are the following except__________. A.The students can take an active part in the classroom discussionB.The students do it themselvesC.Teachers can give students specific and direct feedback the quality of their work and answersD.Students transform their own statements into uncertain ments【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了教育不是旁觀者的活動。要想學(xué)有所獲，必須積極參與其中互動。男生比女生更加積極地參與課堂互動，因此獲得老師更多的直接指導(dǎo)，這使得他們的能力得到培養(yǎng)，個(gè)性也得到張揚(yáng)，所以在今后的職場中也能夠站統(tǒng)領(lǐng)地位。女性要想獲得同等的地位，應(yīng)該從積極參與課堂互動開始。（1）考查推理判斷。縱觀全文可知，許多研究表明，當(dāng)學(xué)生參與課堂討論時(shí)，他們對上學(xué)持更積極的態(tài)度，積極的態(tài)度促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。女生在課堂討論中更被動，在SAT考試中得分低于男生，這不是巧合。因此推斷作者說“教育不是旁觀者的活動”是為了表明男孩和女孩都應(yīng)該積極參與課堂討論。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Our research contradicted the traditional assumption that girls control classroom munication in reading while boys in math. We found that whether the subject was language arts and English or math and science, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention.”可知，我們的研究違背了傳統(tǒng)的假設(shè)，即女孩在閱讀中控制課堂交流，而男孩在數(shù)學(xué)中控制課堂交流。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論是語言藝術(shù)和英語，還是數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)，男孩在教師的注意力中所占的份額都超過了他們的平均水平。因此女孩在閱讀中控制課堂交流，而男孩在數(shù)學(xué)中控制課堂交流的說法是錯(cuò)誤的。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Numerous researchers have shown that when students participate in classroom discussion they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes promote learning.”可知，A項(xiàng)“學(xué)生們能夠積極參與課堂討論”是對的；根據(jù)第四段的“Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself. It is also important to give students specific and direct feedback about the quality of their work and answers. ”可知，多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，最好的學(xué)習(xí)方法是自己去做。給學(xué)生關(guān)于他們的工作和答案的質(zhì)量的具體而直接的反饋也是很重要的。 故B、C都是有利的因素；而D項(xiàng)“學(xué)生們將自己的陳述轉(zhuǎn)化為不確定的評論 ”文章中沒有提到。故選D。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Sometimes, you just can39。t help it. Maybe you39。re watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks. According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. These are released in response to emotional states, explains Vingerhoets. Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. Humans are very plex social creatures, says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others, She says. Vingerhoets agrees, I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼淚）has something to do with our childhood, he says. that39。s the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person. Vingerhoets says this ability could have e in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, he says. Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. It39。s surprising, she says, how much we still don39。t know.（1）In the scientists39。 opinion, crying is ________. sign of human evolution result of human kindness cause of personal growth means of relying on each other（2）The underlined phrase this ability in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________. help wisely tears at someone emotionally to other people（3）From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________. different opinions about the causes of tears positively of the effects of tears working together to study tears learned enough about tears（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? types of tears ponents of tears science of tears opinions about tears【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文