【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 was called “Creole jazz”, which was also called dance music, and bining it with trumpeter (小號(hào)手) Buddy Bolden, to create what would eventually bee today39。s jazz. Armstrong acplished that with almost no formal training. He received little training before he was placed in the New Orleans Colored Waif39。s Home at the age of 12, after a runin (小爭(zhēng)執(zhí)) with the police. The punishment turned out to be a mixed blessing, for he also had the opportunity to play in a real band. While at the Waif39。s, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some of the city39。s finest musicians. Cornetist Freddie Keppard performed in a nearby club. So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique. When Oliver left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New Orleans and work with some of the other top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver offered him a place in his band in 1922. It became Armstrong39。s biggest challenge yet — the band had no parts written for trumpet, so he was forced to listen to King Oliver and improvise (即興創(chuàng)作). Soon, Armstrong39。s undeniable talent was getting notice. Even classically trained musicians would e to hear the incredible sounds this young man created. Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpetchair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band. Armstrong moved to New York City in 1924 to join Fletcher Henderson39。s band and then flew solo. In 1925, Armstrong put together the Hot Five, expanding his popularity even more. Armstrong recorded his first position, Cornet Chop Suey, one of the most copied jazz solos of all time. This monumental 1928 recording blends (混合) artistry, endurance and showmanship that has rarely, if ever, been matched in Jazz.（1）What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the second paragraph? A.To play dance music.B.To work with Buddy Bolden.C.To create modem jazz music.D.To play a jazz instrument well.（2）Who taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the early time? A.Buddy Bolden.B.Lil Hardin.C.Cornetist Freddie Keppard.D.King Joe Oliver.（3）Why did Louis Armstrong Leave King Oliver39。s band? A.Because he wanted to get married in New York.B.Because the man forced him to leave the band.C.Because he got a better opportunity in New York.D.Because his talent could not develop pletely.（4）What39。s the main idea of the passage? A.It asks readers to know more about modern jazz.B.It introduces one of the greatest jazz musicians.C.It introduces the development of jazz.D.It describes the importance of talent in playing jazz.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了音樂人Louis Armstrong學(xué)習(xí)音樂的過程。 （1）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)第一段中的to create what would eventually bee today39。s “...to create what would eventually bee today39。s jazz.”，故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“So did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who took the boy under his wing and taught him how to read music and work on his playing technique.”小號(hào)手兼樂隊(duì)指揮King Joe Oliver也這么做了，他把小男孩放在自己的側(cè)廳，教他如何閱讀音樂，學(xué)習(xí)演奏技巧。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ Lil Hardin, the bands piano player and the future Mrs. Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in the second trumpetchair so that Oliver would still be “King”. Hardin convinced him to leave the band.”可推斷出Louis Armstrong離開King Oliver樂隊(duì)的原因是因?yàn)樗牟拍懿荒艿玫酵耆l(fā)展，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。全文介紹Armstrong如何成為偉大的爵士音樂家，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，代詞指代，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A large body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower. Most of the researchers exploring selfcontrol do so with an obvious goal in mind: How can willpower be strengthened? If willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests, what can be done to make it stay strong? Avoiding temptation (誘惑) is an effective method for maintaining selfcontrol, which is called the out of sight, out of mind principle. One recent study, for instance, found office workers less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks, in plain sight. The research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of selfcontrol raises a troubling question. When we face too many temptations, are we to fail? Not necessarily. Researchers don39。t believe that one39。s willpower is ever pletely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands. The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our selfcontrol strength has been run down. High motivation might help overe weakened willpowerat least to a point. Willpower may also be made less vulnerable (脆弱) to being exhausted in the first place. Researchers who study selfcontrol often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use. But there is another aspect to the muscle parison, they say. While muscles bee exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of selfcontrol may improve willpower strength. The evidence from willpowerexhaustion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions on New Year39。s Eve is the worst possible approach. Being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas, so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time. In other words, don39。t try to quit smoking, adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same time. Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, Baumeister says, you39。ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will bee routine, and won39。t