【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 to learn to be faithful and thankful. one knows the result until the last minute.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。NangNo Stiam四年前不小心丟了一條狗。這條忠誠的狗在走丟的地方等了四年，四年期間他得到了一位好心女士的悉心照料，最后在記者的幫助下與主人重聚。作為回報，他留下來陪伴這位女士。 （1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“… but then realized that he looked healthy， so some people asked around about him. It turned out that the dog had indeed been spending most of his time around that crossroad, but a woman had been ing around regularly to bring him food and water. ”可知，那條狗看起來健康是因為一位女士定期照料他。故選D項。 （2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語所在句的句意“那個帖子很快就, Leo的照片被分享了成百上千次?！笨赏茢?，畫線短語意為“迅速傳播”，與Spread quickly意思最為接近。故選B項。 （3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).”可推斷，NangNoi Sittisarn得知她的狗一直在等待她，她深受感動。故選C項。 （4）推理判斷題。這條狗能夠等自己的主人四年，說明了他很忠誠。根據(jù)最后一段的敘述可知，這條狗找到主人后還要留下來陪伴自己的恩人，說明他知道感恩。由此可推斷，我們通過這條狗的故事應(yīng)該學(xué)會忠誠與感恩。故選C項。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和詞義猜測三個題型的考查，是一篇記敘文，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier. These are the findings of a 40173。year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. Boys who worked in the home or munity gained petence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理學(xué)家) who made the discovery. And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them. Vaillant39。s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers pared the men39。s mental173。health scores with their boyhood 173。activity scores. Points were awarded for part173。time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and petence—the underpinnings (基礎(chǔ)) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward mon goals. The most petent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn39。t everything. As Tolstoy once said, One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one39。s work.（1）What do we know about John? A.He enjoyed his career and marriage.B.He had few childhood playmates.C.He received little love from his family.D.He was envied by others in his childhood.（2）Vaillant39。s words in Paragraph 2 serve as ________. A.a description of personal values and social valuesB.an analysis of how work was related to petenceC.an example for parents39。 expectations of their childrenD.an explanation why some boys grew into happy men（3）Vaillant39。s team obtained their findings by ________. A.recording the boys39。 effort in schoolB.evaluating the men39。s mental healthC.paring different sets of scoresD.measuring the men39。s problem solving ability（4）What does the underlined word sharp probably mean in Paragraph 4? A.Quick to react.B.Having a thin edge.C.Clear and definite.D.Sudden and rapid.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明，那些小時候工作過的人比那些沒有工作過的人生活得更快樂、更有成效。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.”他的工作滿意度更高，婚姻更美滿，身體也更健康?？芍s翰享受他的事業(yè)和婚姻，故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的 ’Boys who worked in the home or munity gained petence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，‘said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理學(xué)家) who made the discovery.’And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.‘發(fā)現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的心理學(xué)家Vaillant說:在家庭或社區(qū)工作的男孩獲得了能力，并開始覺得自己是社會中有價值的成員。因為他們對自己感覺良好，別人也對他們感覺良好。可推知，Vaillant在第二段的話解釋了為什么一些男孩成長為快樂的人，故選D。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Under Vaillant, the researchers pared the men39。s menta l173。health scores with their boyhood 173。activity scores.”可知Vaillant的研究小組通過比較不同的分數(shù)得到了他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。 （4）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.”那些在童年時期參加過最多活動的人，與各種各樣的人保持親密關(guān)系的可能性是其他人的兩倍，獲得高薪的可能性是其他人的五倍，失業(yè)的不可能性是其他人的16倍。可知，The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. 的意思是男性在孩童時期的行為和成年后的表現(xiàn)之間的聯(lián)系是驚人的明確。sharp的意思明確，故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解 Microsoft announced this week that its facialrecognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹噓)its progress at tackling one of the technology39。s biggest biases (偏見). But critics, citing Microsoft39。s work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, quickly seized on how that improved technology might be used. The agency contracts with Microsoft for cloudputing tools that the tech giant says is largely limited to office work but can also include face recognition. Columbia University professor Alondra Nelson tweeted, We must stop confusing 39。inclusion39。 in more 39。diverse39。 surveillance (監(jiān)管)systems with justice and equality. Facialrecognition systems more often misidentify people of color because of a longrunning d