【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 。故選A。 （18）考查名詞。句意：如果六年前我沒有克服緊張，我就永遠(yuǎn)沒有機(jī)會(huì)了。A. salary“薪水”；B. payment“報(bào)酬”；C. chance“機(jī)會(huì)”；D. promotion“承諾”。故選C。 （19）考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：現(xiàn)在每當(dāng)我對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)感到緊張的時(shí)候，A. making a move“改變”；B. having a try“嘗試”；C. doing a favor“幫忙”；D. taking a risk“冒險(xiǎn)”。根據(jù)全文可知作者在面對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)時(shí)有點(diǎn)緊張，故選D。 （20）考查形容詞。句意：我都會(huì)想到在facebook的大廳里等著，我鼓勵(lì)自己要勇敢。A. happy“高興的”；B. optimistic“樂觀的”；C. brave“勇敢的”；D. anxious“焦慮的”。作者根據(jù)自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)，當(dāng)我對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)有點(diǎn)緊張時(shí)，我都會(huì)想起在Facebook大廳發(fā)生的事情，我鼓勵(lì)自己勇敢，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。3．For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. After my public lectures on evolution, someone in the audience asks, Are we still evolving? People want to know if humans are getting taller, smarter, better looking or more athletic. My answer is truthful but 1 : We39。re almost certainly evolving, but we don39。t know in what 2 or how fast. We39。ve seen some evolution in our species over the past few millennia, but it was detected by reconstructing history from DNA sequences. For example, we know that during the past 10,000 years, several populations of humans — those keeping sheep, cows or goats for milk— gained the ability to digest dairy products. This quality was 3 in our earlier ancestors who, after babyhood, never encountered milk. And in the past 3,000 years, Tibetans have acquired 4 adaptations that allowed them to develop well in their highaltitude, lowoxygen home. But these welldocumented changes are limited to particular populations, so the 5 for recent evolution of our entire species, remains not much. The authors of Evolving Ourselves 6 . Not only, they claim, are we evolving faster than ever, but we39。re doing it to ourselves. Juan Enriquez and Steve Gullans argue that humans have 7 evolution — not just in our own species but virtually in all species: For better or worse, we are increasingly in charge. We are the primary drivers of 8 . We will directly and indirectly determine what lives, what dies, where, and when. We are in a different phase of evolution: the future of life is now 9 . According to the authors, we39。ve replaced natural selection with what they call 10 selection. Overfishing, for example, has reduced the average size of many fish species, for taking the biggest fishes is 11 those smaller fishes. Yet while there39。s no doubt that we39。re changing the planet, the claim that we39。re pletely changing evolution on the planet 12 . Let39。s take those fish that are evolving to reproduce smaller and younger for example. This 13 has been documented in many species that we eat, but this is just a minuscule fraction (極小的一部分) of the 30,000 known species of fish. The authors speak with 14 assurance about how our species is evolving in response to nearly everything. When they claim, for example, our ingestion (攝取) of drugs and exposure to chemicals mean that our children39。s brains are evolving fast, they are abusing (濫用) the word 15 . Our children39。s brains may be changing fast in response to the new pharmacological (藥理學(xué)的) environment, but change alone is not evolution.1. A. instructiveB. disappointingC. decisiveD. conflicting2. A. directionB. regionC. frequencyD. condition3. A. beneficialB. adaptableC. uniqueD. useless4. A. unprovedB. changeableC. geneticD. mysterious5. A. studyB. evidenceC. interestD. implication6. A. disagreeB. supportC. followD. approve7. A. delayedB. overdoneC. neglectedD. controlled8. A. unbalanceB. disasterC. changeD. disturbance9. A. in our handsB. out of orderC. in peaceD. out of control10. A. destructiveB. unnaturalC. adventurousD. emotional11. A. by means ofB. at the cost ofC. in favor ofD. for the protection of12. A. makes no senseB. makes great impressionC. calls attentionD. es to an end13. A. problemB. mistakeC. phenomenonD. obstacle14. A. strongB. baselessC. sensitiveD. persuasive15. A. environmentB. technologyC. exposureD. evolution【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D； 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了《自我進(jìn)化》一書的進(jìn)化論觀點(diǎn)——人類不僅控制了我們自己物種的進(jìn)化，實(shí)際上也控制了所有物種的進(jìn)化，但作者對(duì)這一觀點(diǎn)的根據(jù)性表示懷疑。 （1）考查形容詞。句意：我的回答是真實(shí)的但也是令人失望的：我們幾乎可以肯定地在進(jìn)化，但我們不知道朝著什么方向或以多快的速度。A. instructive“教育性的”；B. disappointing“令人失望的”；C. decisive“決定性的；D. conflicting相矛盾的”。根據(jù)冒號(hào)后的內(nèi)容可知我的回答是令人失望的，故選B。 （2）考查名詞。句意：我的回答是真實(shí)的但也是令人失望的：我們幾乎可以肯定地在進(jìn)化，但我們不知道朝著什么方向或以多快的速度。A. direction“方向”；B. region“地區(qū)”；C. frequency“頻率”；D. condition“狀況”。上文說聽眾想知道人類是否會(huì)進(jìn)化得越來越高、越來越聰明、越來越好看或是運(yùn)動(dòng)能力越來越強(qiáng)，但我的回答是令人失望的，這說明我們不知道人類朝哪個(gè)方向進(jìn)化（言外之意，也可能朝著相反的方向進(jìn)化），故選A。 （3）考查形容詞。句意：在我們?cè)缙诘淖嫦戎?，這種能力是沒用的，他們?cè)趮雰簳r(shí)期之后，就再也沒有喝過牛奶。A. beneficial“有益的”；B. adaptable“適合的”；C. unique“獨(dú)特的”；D. useless“無用的”。上文說那些飼養(yǎng)綿羊、奶牛或山羊的人類獲得了消化乳制品的能力，但在我們?cè)缙诘淖嫦戎校@種能力是沒用的，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)趮雰簳r(shí)期之后，就再也沒有喝過牛奶，故選D。 （4）考查形容詞。句意：在過去的3000年里，藏族人獲得了遺傳的適應(yīng)能力，使他們能夠在高海拔、低氧的家園發(fā)育良好。A. unproved“未證實(shí)的”；B. changeable“不定的”；C. genetic“遺傳的”；D. mysterious“神秘的”。藏族人能夠在高海拔、低氧的環(huán)境下生存，這種強(qiáng)大的適應(yīng)能力是一輩一輩遺傳下來的，故選C。 （5）考查名詞。句意：但這些有據(jù)可查的變化僅限于特定的種群，所以我們整個(gè)物種最近進(jìn)化的證據(jù)仍然不多。A. study“研究”；B. evidence“證據(jù)、跡象”；C. interest“興趣”；D. implication“含義”。根據(jù)these welldocumented changes可知此處指證據(jù)，故選B。 （6）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：《自我進(jìn)化》的作者們不同意這種觀點(diǎn)。A. disagree“不同意”；B. support“支持”；C. follow“跟隨”；D. approve“贊成”。根據(jù)下文可知，他們聲稱我們不僅比以往任何時(shí)候都進(jìn)化得更快，這說明他們不同意上面提到的那種觀點(diǎn)（我們不知道人類朝哪個(gè)方向和以多快的速度進(jìn)化），故選A。 （7）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：胡安恩里克茲和史蒂夫古蘭認(rèn)為，人類不僅控制了我們自己物種的進(jìn)化，實(shí)際上也控制了所有物種的進(jìn)化。A. delayed“推遲”；B. overdone“過火”；C. neglected“忽視”；D. controlled“控制”。根據(jù)下文可知，無論是好是壞，我們都在日益掌控一切，這說明人類控制了所有物種的進(jìn)化，故選D。 （8）考查名詞。句意：我們是推動(dòng)變革（進(jìn)化）的主要力量。A. unbalance“不平衡”；B. disaster“災(zāi)難”；C. change“變化”；D. disturbance“干擾”。根據(jù)上文可知，人類不僅控制了我們自己物種的進(jìn)化，實(shí)際上也控制了所有物種的進(jìn)化，所以我們是推動(dòng)變革（進(jìn)化）的主要力量，故選C。 （9）考查介詞短語。句意：我們正處在一個(gè)不同的進(jìn)化階段：生命的未來掌握在我們手中。A. in o