【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught. It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.（1）What is true about children when they play games? A.They can stop playing any time they like.B.They can test their personal abilities.C.They want to pick a better team.D.They don39。t need rules.（2）To bee a leader in a game the child has to _________. A.be a useful partnerB.wait for his turnC.be confident in himselfD.be popular among his playmates（3）Why does a child like playing games? A.Because he can be someone other than himself.B.Because he can bee popular among friends.C.Because he finds he is always lucky in games.D.Because he likes the place where he plays a game.（4）Which is the best title for this passage? A.Rules in Children39。s GamesB.Advantages of Playing Games for ChildrenC.Reasons for Children39。s GamesD.How to Be a Popular Game Player【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了孩子們?cè)谕嬗螒驎r(shí)有自己的游戲規(guī)則，他們很少需要裁判，很少去記分．他們喜歡玩取決于運(yùn)氣的游戲，這樣他們的個(gè)人能力就不能直接進(jìn)行比較了．但是，成年人很難發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們的游戲令人興奮，他們常常對(duì)孩子們反復(fù)玩這么簡單的游戲感到困惑。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Children have their own rules in playing games．Theyseldom need a referee（裁判） and rarely trouble to keep scores．”可知，介紹了孩子們玩游戲的一些特點(diǎn)，比如孩子的游戲有自己的規(guī)則，也不需要裁判，而且可以隨時(shí)結(jié)束，故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“He bees a leader when it es to his turn”可知，當(dāng)輪到他時(shí)，他就成了領(lǐng)袖．所以要成為一個(gè)游戲的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，孩子必須等待輪到他才行，故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person，and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid．”可知孩子們喜歡玩游戲的重要原因之一是他們可以在游戲中假裝成別人，選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，游戲在孩子們的生活中是必不可少的．他們無需裁判，也很少計(jì)分，他們甚至不在乎輸贏．盡管在成年人眼里這些游戲非常簡單，枯燥．但是孩子們對(duì)此卻是樂此不疲．作者認(rèn)為通過游戲，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了遵守規(guī)則，可知選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Nobel prize winners sometimes display as much uniqueness when deciding how to spend their prize money as they did on the work that won them the award in the first place. When Sir Paul Nurse won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2001, he decided to upgrade his motorbike. A fellow winner in 1993, Richard Roberts, installed a croquet lawn in front of his house. Austrian author Elfriede Jelinek, who won in 2004, said the prize meant financial independence. Lars Heikensten, executive director of the Nobel Foundation, said there were no obvious shopping trends among winners. I think it depends a lot on which country they e from, their personal finances... what kind of ines they have when they get the prize, he said. Real estate, however, is a popular option, at least among those willing to reveal what they spend the money on. Phillip Sharp, the American cowinner of the 1993 medicine prize, decided to splash out on a 100yearold Federal style house. I took that money and bought a little bit bigger house... It39。s a beautiful old place, he told AFP(法新社), adding that The money is a nice part of the process, but the important thing about the prize is the recognition. For winners of the peace prize the decision is often more clearcut, as the honor tends to go to politicians, organizations and activists who are under more public supervision. Many, like US President Barack Obama in 2009 and the European Union in 2012, donate to charities. Literature winners tend to be more private about how they use the money, but the choice is often equally straightforward. Even if Nobelwinning authors are quite well known, many of them will not have made much money from writing, said Anna Gunder, a Nobel literature expert at Uppsala University. While the prize might keep the wolf from the door for some years, giving them freedom to write, it can also briefly have the opposite effect. It really changes their careers… During the first year after they39。ve won they often write less, but they generally continue after a year or two, said Gunder.（1）From the passage, we learn that ______. A.The money is actually the best part of the Nobel PrizeB.Nobel winners have great originality in using prize moneyC.Few winners would spend their prize money on housesD.Winners bee more independent on their country（2）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase clearcut in paragraph 6? A.openB.privateC.uniqueD.plex（3）According to the passage, in the first year after winning Noble Prize, literature winners may . A.bee less productiveB.make more money from writingC.have the freedom to create more and better worksD.disappear from the public eyes for a period of time【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者在決定如何花他們的獎(jiǎng)金時(shí)展現(xiàn)出很多的獨(dú)特性。比如，房產(chǎn)就是眾多諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者喜歡投資的方向。作者還提到了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)獲得者對(duì)獎(jiǎng)金的花費(fèi)更公開，而文學(xué)家獲得者對(duì)獎(jiǎng)金的花費(fèi)更私人化。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者在決定如何花他們的獎(jiǎng)金時(shí)展現(xiàn)出很多的獨(dú)特性。originality獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，創(chuàng)造性， 故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第六段中的“For winners of the peace prize the decision is often more clearcut, as the honor tends to go to politicians, organizations and activists who are under more public supervision.”諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)得主的獎(jiǎng)金如何用的決定通常會(huì)更清晰，公開。因?yàn)楹推姜?jiǎng)通常會(huì)由政治家、組織及活動(dòng)家