【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 . They were contributed by local pigeon lovers, ________trained and volunteered their birds for event. ________ (answer) a call from the Beijing Carer Pigeon Association. These borrowed birds were trained ________ (make) their way home after their release in the center of the city. Some pigeon ________ (own) shared photos online of their returning birds. 70,000 colorful balloons were also released. The balloons were made of an ecofriendly and biodegradable plastic.【答案】 a；were designed；friendly；included；that；with；who；answering；to make；owners 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中華人民共和國慶祝70周年所舉行的一些活動(dòng)。 （1）考查冠詞。句意：天安門廣場上的一些重大活動(dòng)，例如一次獨(dú)特的大規(guī)模閱兵式，被設(shè)計(jì)的是環(huán)境友好型的。根據(jù)parade可知，空格處單詞修飾單數(shù)名詞，而且parade前沒有物主代詞等限定詞，所以應(yīng)填冠詞。這個(gè)名詞在文中第一次出現(xiàn)，所以使用不定冠詞，空格后“unique”是以輔音音素開始的，故填a。 （2）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：天安門廣場上的一些重大活動(dòng)，例如一次獨(dú)特的大規(guī)模閱兵式，被設(shè)計(jì)的是環(huán)境友好型的。這句話的主語是The massive events，句中缺少謂語，且主語與design之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。再根據(jù)上文“The People39。s Republic of China marked its 70th anniversary…”中的marked可知，對(duì)這件事情的論述使用的是一般過去時(shí)。主語又是復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were designed。 （3）考查形容詞。句意：天安門廣場上的一些重大活動(dòng)，例如一次獨(dú)特的大規(guī)模閱兵式，被設(shè)計(jì)的是環(huán)境友好型的。be動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語，故填friendly。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：活動(dòng)開始時(shí)的70支槍致敬儀式，包括了污染控制技術(shù)。句子缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，且根據(jù)前文可知，對(duì)這個(gè)事件的論述使用的是一般過去時(shí)。The 70gun salute與include之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填included。 （5）考查表語從句。句意：結(jié)果是，發(fā)射56枚加農(nóng)炮彈幾乎產(chǎn)生了零排放?！皐as”后引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)完整的句子，所以這是一個(gè)表語從句，關(guān)系詞使用that。故填that。 （6）考查介詞。句意：游行結(jié)束時(shí)釋放了70,000只“和平鴿”。conclude with…固定短語，“以……結(jié)束”，故填with。 （7）考查定語從句。句意：他們是由當(dāng)?shù)刭慀潗酆谜哓暙I(xiàn)的，他們訓(xùn)練并自愿為賽鴿做準(zhǔn)備，并響應(yīng)了北京賽鴿協(xié)會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。這是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為local pigeon lovers，指人，并且先行詞在從句中做主語，所以關(guān)系詞使用who。故填who。 （8）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們是由當(dāng)?shù)刭慀潗酆谜哓暙I(xiàn)的，他們訓(xùn)練并自愿為賽鴿做準(zhǔn)備，并響應(yīng)了北京賽鴿協(xié)會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。這句話從句部分的謂語動(dòng)詞是trained and volunteered，所以這個(gè)空格處填非謂語動(dòng)詞。從句主語local pigeon lovers與answer之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填answering。 （9）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這些借來的鳥兒受過訓(xùn)練，在城市中心被釋放后可以回家。鳥兒被訓(xùn)練的內(nèi)容是“在城市中心被釋放后可以回家”，所以使用不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成句型“be trained to do sth.”, 故填to make。 （10）考查名詞。句意：一些鴿子的主人在網(wǎng)上分享了歸巢鳥類的照片?？崭窈笫莿?dòng)詞shared，所以空格處單詞做主語，應(yīng)使用名詞形式；再由其前的修飾語some可知，這里應(yīng)使用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填owners。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，形容詞，表語從句，非謂語動(dòng)詞，名詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。6．After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word。 for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖論) is that our children can only truly succeed ________ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that worldclass figure skaters fall over more often in practice than lowlevel figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. ________ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lowerlevel skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, ________ (remain) within their fort zone. This is why they don39。t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress. ________ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before ing up with the design ________ made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put ________: You can39。t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention. In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don39。t like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (訴訟). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.【答案】 if / when；To stretch；remaining；failing；What；which / that；it；instead of；are repeated；Until / Unless 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功，作者用這個(gè)道理告訴美國的醫(yī)療保健部門只有學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，醫(yī)療事故的情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)。 （1）考查狀語從句。句意：但矛盾的是，我們的孩子只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功。根據(jù)句意可知此處既可以用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示如果……，也可用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，故填if / when。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了突破自己的局限，他們一直在努力。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示目的，應(yīng)該用不定式做目的狀語，故填To stretch。 （3）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們總是嘗試他們已經(jīng)做得很容易的動(dòng)作，保持在他們的舒適區(qū)內(nèi)。They與remain之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語，故填remaining。 （4）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在實(shí)踐中從不失敗會(huì)阻礙他們進(jìn)步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞做主語，故填failing。 （5）考查主語從句。句意：生活中的情況和滑冰的情況是一樣的。此處為主語從句，從句中缺少主語，故填What。 （6）考查定語從句。句意：詹姆斯戴森為最新款的吸塵器設(shè)計(jì)了5126個(gè)原型，然后才想出了這個(gè)讓他大賺一筆的設(shè)計(jì)。此處為定語從句，先行詞為design，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語，故填which / that。 （7）考查代詞。句意：正如戴森所說的：除非你測試新想法，并在事情出錯(cuò)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，否則你不會(huì)開發(fā)出新技術(shù)，失敗是發(fā)明的基礎(chǔ)。as someone puts it固定句式。正如某人所說表示。put it表達(dá)......故填it。 （8）考查介詞短語。句意：結(jié)果是，醫(yī)療保健往往掩蓋失敗，而不是從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示而不是，故填instead of。 （9）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：其直