【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 er person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”在過去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％。結(jié)合上下文,可知某些富裕國家比如瑞典正在減少現(xiàn)金支付,推廣不用紙幣或硬幣的支付方式,也就是電子支付方式。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在過去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％；再根據(jù)“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中國,數(shù)字支付從2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中國的共同點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)金支付減少,電子支付比例上升,由此可推斷作者提到瑞典和中國是為了說明數(shù)字支付正成為一種不可阻擋的趨勢。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的 “But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage oldfashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知現(xiàn)金消失的一個重要原因就是諸如銀行和科技公司（在發(fā)達(dá)市場）和電信公司（在新興市場）之類的供應(yīng)商正在開發(fā)快速,易于使用的支付技術(shù),他們可以從中提取數(shù)據(jù)和小費(fèi)。運(yùn)行現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟(jì)背后的基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)需要付出高昂的成本,這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施包括自動取款機(jī),載有紙幣的貨車,接受硬幣的出納員。大多數(shù)金融公司都渴望放棄它,或者以高昂的費(fèi)用勸阻老式客戶。也就是供應(yīng)商為了減少成本,獲取數(shù)據(jù)和小費(fèi),開發(fā)了更便捷的支付方式,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)金支付的減少。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，,作者提到無現(xiàn)金支付即電子支付的好處,也提到電子支付引起的擔(dān)憂,對待電子支付是客觀的,故選C。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 A few years back I worked in a university building that also housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs(豚鼠) for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I39。d cast a careful glance and ask Why? before grabbing the apple pie. So one day, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to Think about five things for which you39。re grateful every day for a week! my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie. I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer, the director of our school39。s Psychological Services Clinic. What39。s with the gratitude thing? I asked. You don39。t ask an academic question－even a simple one unless you39。re prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and I sat down. That39。s when I first heard the term positive psychology. The gratitude thing, as I had called it, was but one small and simple element of the practice. Kind of like training the brain to focus on joy, my friend Heidi explained. It39。s only a week, she urged. Try it. I did. And guess what? It worked. Every day for a week, I found five distinct things for which I was thankful. They had to be different every day. I couldn39。t get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husband. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He39。s a great cook. He always puts our family first. Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, I39。m rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can39。t change, working without plaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference. And all it took was a little gratitude.（1）What39。s the author39。s attitude toward the student with desserts? A.Cautious.B.Respectful.C.Indifferent.D.Supportive.（2）Why was the author doubtful about the instructions? A.Because she thought it wasn39。t worth the effort.B.Because she didn39。t like expressing thanks often.C.Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first.D.Because she could do five things every day easily.（3）What does Collie Conoley suggest the author should do? A.Be grateful to her wonderful husband.B.Be thankful for things but not people.C.Be a great cook and put her family first.D.Be specific about what she39。s thankful for.（4）What39。s the best title for the text? A.Don39。t Be Bothered by Small ThingsB.We Can Change Everything If We WantC.Practicing Gratitude Changed My LifeD.Being Grateful to One Good Person【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，在一個星期的時間里，作者堅(jiān)持每天都能發(fā)現(xiàn)五件她特別感激的事情，而且每天都有所不同。生活永遠(yuǎn)不會完美。但通過這么一個簡單的練習(xí)，作者重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了那句老話的平和：接受我不能改變的事情，毫無怨言地去改變我能改變的，并且足夠明智地知道兩者的區(qū)別。這只需要一點(diǎn)感激之情。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I39。d cast a careful glance and ask ‘Why?’ before grabbing the apple pie.”如果一個心急的研究生拿著甜點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在我的辦公室，讓我挑選一種，在抓蘋果派之前，我會仔細(xì)地看一眼，然后問“為什么?”可知，作者在抓蘋果派之前，會仔細(xì)地看一眼，然后問“為什么?”?？芍?，作者對帶甜點(diǎn)的學(xué)生持有謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.”我的反應(yīng)坦率地說是懷疑的。我算了算。連續(xù)7天每天做5件事，甚至連吃蘋果派的承諾都沒有，那就太費(fèi)腦力了?？赏浦?，作者認(rèn)為對“連續(xù)7天每天做5件事”的要求充滿懷疑，認(rèn)為太費(fèi)腦力、不值得去做。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He39。s a great cook. He always puts our family first.”但是另一位積極心理學(xué)家柯利康諾利建議道，我可以每天對一個人的某些方面表達(dá)我的感激之情。他是個很棒的廚師。他總是把我們的家庭放在第一位。可知，柯利康諾利建議作者每天對一個人的某些方面表達(dá)感激之情。由此可知，柯利康諾利建議作者具體說明她感激什么。故選D。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But with just one simple exercise, I39。m rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can39。t change, working without plaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.”但通過一個簡單的練習(xí)，我重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了那句老話的平和：接受我不能改變的事情，毫無怨言地去改變我能改變的，并且足夠明智地知道兩者的區(qū)別）可知，練習(xí)表達(dá)感激，改變了作者的觀念和生活。由此可知選C。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息。并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 A few hours after my first mission, returning to Earth on the space shuttle Endeavour, I pleted all of my medical tests after flight, met with NASA officials, and reunited with my family. Finally, I was alone in my office room in astronaut crew quarters at the Kennedy Space Center, exhausted and ready for bed. And I did what anyone does when they return to their hotel room on a business trip: I t