【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ight differences between human facial features. They began by presenting four archerfish with images of two human faces. Initially, the fish spit at both. However, they soon learned spitting water at the one selected by the researchers earned them a food treat. After that, they focused primarily on that image. The researchers then took the experiment one step further by introducing 44 other human faces to the mix. To the researcher39。s astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time. And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head. The results of the study suggest that though having tiny brains, archerfish may have developed high visual discrimination abilities. While it is contrary to the previous theory that a sophisticated brain is necessary to recognize human faces, the researchers believe they do not recognize faces by recalling plex facial information like gender and identity, but more likely by discriminating between detailed patterns. Even so, the fact that these archerfish could “remember” those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originallythought 3 seconds! This is not the first time researchers have realized how “smart” fish are. Previous studies have shown that fish can recognize those fish they have “socialized” with previously, and even recall plex threedimensional maps of their surroundings.（1）What is the purpose of the study? A.To describe archerfish are easy to teach.B.To tell people archerfish like to be rewarded.C.To prove archerfish can recognize human faces.D.To show archerfish can easily develop a habit.（2）Why did the researchers use black and white images? A.They could get these images easily.B.Archerfish got tired of color images.C.They wanted to make the task more difficult.D.These images wouldn39。t get ruined by water.（3）What conclusion did researchers draw in the study? A.Archerfish have a 3second memory.B.Archerfish could distinguish detailed patterns.C.Archerfish have a special form of munication.D.Archerfish could remember plex facial information.（4）What can we infer from the text? A.Fish are social animals.B.Fish are as clever as humans.C.Fish are able to tell different shapes.D.The results shocked the researchers.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家對噴水魚做的實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明魚也很“聰明”，它們沒有復(fù)雜的大腦但是卻有辨認(rèn)面孔的能力。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段做的“While your pet fish may appear to be unaware of your presence, chances are that it knows you extremely well and can probably even identify you from a crowd of human faces!”和第二段做的“To test if this was accurate, some scientists decided to study archerfish(噴水魚).”可知這項(xiàng)研究的目的是證明噴水魚可以認(rèn)出人臉，故選C。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段做的“And this accuracy improved to 86% when the researchers made the identification even harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set of black and white images and hiding the shape of the head.”可知研究人員使用黑白圖像是為了增加這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的難度，故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段做的“Even so, the fact that these archerfish could ‘remember’ those faces demonstrates that they have an impressive memory for details that lasts much longer than the originally thought 3 seconds!”可推知噴水魚可以辨別精細(xì)的圖案，故選B。(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段做的“To the researcher39。s astonishment, the trained archerfish were able to recall the learned image almost 81% of the time.”可知研究結(jié)果令研究人員非常吃驚，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Bamboo is one of the world39。s most useful plants. For thousands of years, bamboo has been used in many different waysfrom food to medicine to clothing and, in small ways, as a building material. However, bamboo is not often used as a building material in the developed world. A professor at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania is trying to change that. The professor and his students are testing the strength of are testing how much pressure or weight it can take before breaking. Kent Harries is a professor at the University of Pittsburgh. Harries says that testing methods for bamboo need to be the same for all. They need to be standardized. Standardizing test methods for bamboo will help to bring the plant into mon use. It will also give engineers and builders around the world a dependable standard. Harries says that bamboo is strong in nature. The strength of at least three species of bamboo is similar to its strength, bamboo has other features that make it very useful in building. He says it is resilient(有彈力的), meaning it keeps its shape and strength even under pressure. Bamboo also grows quickly. Bamboo that is suitable for construction needs much less resources than wood. The harvest cycle of bamboo is about 3 years. Softwoods such as cedar, pine and spruce have a harvest cycle of about 10 years. And hardwoods that e from flowering plants such as oak and walnut need more than 30 years. Bamboo is widely used as food for panda bears. It is also used for flooring and window covers. However, for building, bamboo is not used much outside its native growing area. This is mostly because of its round shape. But there are other reasons too. People think or have the mentalitythat bamboo is a low quality building material.（1）What is the author mainly talking about in the passage? A.Make bamboo a mon building material.B.Take advantage of bamboo in our everyday.C.Consider bamboo to be a mon plant.D.Use bamboo to replace building materials.（2）What is the purpose of what Kent Harries and his students did? A.To prove what is the most useful plant.B.To introduce bamboo to the developed world.C.To give engineers and builders some advice.D.To make sure of the strength of bamboo.（3）What does Harries think of bamboo in the passage? A.Harries sees bamboo as a great building material.