【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 liquid helium (氦). Then in January last year, two IBM scientists, K. Alex Muller and J. George Bednorz, found a metal oxide ceramic (氧化陶瓷) that superconducted at 243℃. Their report went largely unnoticed until last December, when it was confirmed at a scientific meeting in Boston. Today Japan, India, China and other Asian countries all have their share of experts who spend their days and nights in labs, acting as midwives (助產(chǎn)士) to a new technology.（1）As is indicated in the passage, the technology of superconductivity ____________. A.has already been developedB.is still under developmentC.will be used only in specialized equipmentD.will be used in daily lives in a few years（2）The new technology differs from the others in that ____________. A.it began in the East and spread later to the rest of the worldB.it began in the West and spread later to the rest of the worldC.it is being cultivated in research labs around the worldD.it is accessible to physicists who are intelligent and rich（3）From the passage, we may conclude that ____________. A.Asian scientists gain the lead in the growth of the new technologyB.Dutch scientists kept reporting new findings for the last 75 yearsC.IBM scientists39。 report receive immediate attention all over the worldD.the West was astonished at the new technology developed by the Asians（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.The Prospect of a New TechnologyB.Superconductivity: A New TechnologyC.A New Technology: The Key to Change the Way of Our LivesD.A New Technology: A Joint Effort of Many Countries【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了超導(dǎo)體技術(shù)的發(fā)展?jié)撃芎桶l(fā)展?fàn)顩r。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“ A new technology is going to ripe, one that could transform our daily lives, help to form new industries, even remove world economic powers from their present positions. ”一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)即將成熟，它可以改變我們的日常生活，幫助形成新的產(chǎn)業(yè)，甚至將世界經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國(guó)從其目前的地位上移除；以及第三段中的“The technology is in its early stage, still accessible to countries that decide to invest brains and money”技術(shù)還處于早期階段，那些決定投資于人才和資金的國(guó)家仍然可以獲得這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，可知選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Unlike the wave of industrialization that began in the West and spread later to the rest of the world, the new developments are taking place in research labs all over the globe—and Asians are in the forefront.”與開(kāi)始于西方，后來(lái)傳播到世界其他地區(qū)工業(yè)化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室都在進(jìn)行新的研究——亞洲人走在最前線。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Unlike the wave of industrialization that began in the West and spread later to the rest of the world, the new developments are taking place in research labs all over the globe—and Asians are in the forefront.”與開(kāi)始于西方，后來(lái)傳播到世界其他地區(qū)工業(yè)化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室都在進(jìn)行新的研究——亞洲人走在最前線；以及最后一段中的“Today Japan, India, China and other Asian countries all have their share of experts who spend their days and nights in labs, acting as midwives (助產(chǎn)士) to a new technology.”今天，日本，印度，中國(guó)和其它亞洲國(guó)家都有自己的專家，白天和晚上都在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，充當(dāng)一種新技術(shù)的助產(chǎn)士，故選A。（4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，第一段首先提出一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)，第二段說(shuō)明了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展?jié)撃?，最后一段介紹這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，因此選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Recent summer temperatures in parts of Australia were high enough to melt asphalt. As global warming speeds up the heat and climatic events increase, many plants may be unable to cope. But at least one species of eucalyptus tree can resist extreme heat by continuing to “sweat” when other essential processes stop, a new study finds. As plants change sunlight into food, or photosynthesize (光合作用), they absorb carbon dioxide through pores on their leaves. These pores also release water via transpiration(蒸騰), which circulates nutrients through the plant and helps cool it by evaporation(蒸發(fā)). But exceptionally high temperatures are known to greatly reduce photosynthesis—and most existing plant models suggest this should also decrease transpiration, leaving trees in danger of fatally overheating. Because it is difficult for scientists to control and vary trees39。 conditions in their natural environment, little is known about how individual species handle this situation. Ecologist John Drake of the . College of Environmental Science and Forestry and his colleagues grew a dozen Parramatta red gum (Eucalyptus parramattensis) trees in large, climatecontrolled plastic pods that separated the trees from the surrounding forest for a year in Richmond, Australia. Six of the trees were grown at surrounding air temperatures and six at temperatures three degrees Celsius higher. The researchers withheld (扣留) water from the surface soil of all 12 trees for a month to imitate a mild dry spell, then induced a fourday “extreme” heat wave: They raised the maximum temperatures in half of the pods（three with surrounding temperatures and three of the warmer ones）— to 44 degrees ℃. Photosynthesis ground to a near halt in the trees facing the artificial heat wave. But to the researchers39。 surprise, these trees continued to transpire at closetonormal levels, effectively cooling themselves and their surroundings. The trees grown in warmer conditions coped just as well as the others, and photosynthesis rates bounced back to normal after the heat wave passed, Drake and his colleagues reported online in Global Change Biology. The researchers think the Parramatta red gums were able to effectively sweat — even without photosynthesis — because they are particularly good at tapping into water deep in the soil. But if a heat wave and a severe drought (干旱) were to hit at the same time and the groundwater was exhausted, the trees may not be so lucky, Drake says. Other scientists call the finding encouraging. “It39。s definitely good news,” says Trevor Keenan, an ecologist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, who was not part of the study. “It would be very interesting to know how this translates to other species,” he adds. Drake hopes to conduct similar experiments with trees mon in North America.（1）How does one species of eucalyptus tree cope with extreme heat waves? A.By releasing water.16