【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 und ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(pare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；pared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了人工塑料滲入到我們生活的方方面面。在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員估計(jì)，美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒，這些微粒的長度小于5毫米，再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。主要誘因是飲用瓶裝水。 （1）考查冠詞。句意：自從1907年第一個完全人工塑料被發(fā)明以來。根據(jù)first可知此處用冠詞the。故填the。 （2）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：人類已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種材料的無數(shù)用途。since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句要用一般過去時(shí)，主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。分析句子成分可知，主語是humans，故謂語動詞為have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代詞。句意：它已經(jīng)滲入我們的工具、我們的衣服甚至我們的身體。way是名詞，此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填its。 （4）考查形容詞。句意：在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)新研究中。此處要用形容詞修飾名詞science and technology（科學(xué)與技術(shù)）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容詞。句意：美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒，這些微粒的長度小于5毫米，再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。根據(jù)than可知此處要用形容詞比較級。故填smaller。 （6）考查名詞。句意：盡管食用這些小塑料碎片對健康的影響尚不清楚。根據(jù)the health是主語的一部分，可知此處用名詞作主語，且謂語動詞是are，故用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，填effects。 （7）考查副詞。句意：但研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)，人們隨意吞下的塑料碎片的實(shí)際數(shù)量令人擔(dān)憂。此處要用副詞修飾動詞swallowing 。故填casually。 （8）考查介詞。句意：最大促成物來自飲用瓶裝水。e from，固定短語，“來自”。故填from。 （9）考查定語從句。句意：瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行詞為drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的賓語，故此處填which。故填which。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。句意：瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子可知，the bottle itself與pare在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系。故填pared。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)，代詞，形容詞，名詞，介詞，副詞，定語從句以及非謂語動詞的等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。7．語法填空 Nobody wants to be aged, but________it es to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world39。s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most ________(attract) cities in the world that I39。d like to remend to you. Luoyang stands out ________the oldest continually inhabited (持續(xù)居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be ________birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There ________(be) no other city in China that has seen so many________(dynasty) like Luoyang. With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot ________(offer). The longmen Grottoes(龍門石窟), which ________(include) in the world Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples________(constant) attract tourist from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple ________(build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city?【答案】 when；attractive；as；the；is；dynasties；to offer；has been included；constantly；built 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了古都洛陽。洛陽擁有悠久的、激動人心的歷史和諸多名勝古跡。對游客來說,洛陽是一個值得一游的城市。 （1）考查連詞。when it es to...固定短語，當(dāng)提到……時(shí)。故填when。 （2）考查形容詞。空處在句中作定語修飾cities,故用形容詞attractive吸引人的。故填attractive。 （3）考查介詞。as在句中意為作為。stand out as固定短語，作為……而出類拔萃。故填as。 （4）考查冠詞。此處用定冠詞,特指中國文化和歷史的發(fā)源地。故填the。 （5）考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。文中客觀介紹了洛陽的相關(guān)事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?？崭裉幩诰錇門here be句型,句中主語為no other city in China,所以be動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填 is。 （6）考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的so many可知此處用dynasty的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填dynasties。 （7）考查非謂語動詞。have意為有時(shí),后面接帶to的不定式。故填to offer。 （8）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句中的時(shí)間狀語since 2000表明空格處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),且which(指代The Longmen Grottoes)與include之間是被動關(guān)系,故用被動語態(tài)。故填has been included。 （9）考查副詞?？仗幮揎椫^語動詞,故用副詞。故填constantly。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知,the earliest Buddhist temple與build在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞作定語。故填built。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及連詞，形容詞，介詞，冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)，主謂一致，名詞，非謂語動詞以及副詞等多個知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。8．語法填空 Nearly 800 new pupils of Lianhua Elementary School in Hefei, Anhui Province, is reported ________(receive) a unique gift: an admission letter ________their names are written by teachers using Chinese writing brush. ________(similar), Shaanxi Normal University has been sending their freshmen calligraphy admission for eleven years. Several former professors in ________70s take about a week writing more than 4,500 admission letters every year. It is believed in China that handwriting is the man, ________(mean) good handwriting can not only cultivate one39。s temperament (氣質(zhì)), but can also reflect one39。s literacy and character. At present, ________(tradition) calligraphy has again bee a pulsory lesson in many Chinese primary and middle schools, which aims ________(enhance) students39。 cultural petence. At the same time, parents are attaching great importance ________children39。s calligraphy practice. It is fair to say that calligraphy is not left out in today39。s fastpaced society。 ________, its inparable value is standing out. The charm of Chinese culture embodied in calligraphy can always strike a chord with writers and ________(view). Do you have any interest in learning it?【答案】 to have received；where；Similarly；their；meaning；traditional；to enhance；to；instead；viewers 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)書法越來越受重視。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道,安徽省合肥市蓮花小學(xué)近800名新生收到了一份特殊的禮物。be reported to have done固定短語，據(jù)說/傳聞……的事情發(fā)生在過去,對現(xiàn)在有影響。故填to have received。 （2）考查定語從句。句意：他們的名字由老師們用毛筆書寫的通知書。句中先行詞為an admission letter,在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。 （3）考查副詞。句意：無獨(dú)有偶,陜西師范大學(xué)已經(jīng)向新生寄送書法錄取通知書有11個年頭了。這里用副詞修飾整個句子。故填Similarly。 （4）考查代詞。句意：每年,數(shù)名70歲高齡的退休教授會花一個禮拜左右的時(shí)間寫完4500余份錄取通知書。in one39。s 70s“在某人70多歲的時(shí)候”。這里指代former professors,故用their。故填their。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國人相信字如其人,也就是說,好的筆跡不僅能夠修身養(yǎng)性,還能反映出一個人的讀寫能力和性格。句中邏輯主語handwriting is the man與mean之間為主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填meaning。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：現(xiàn)在在很多中國中小學(xué),傳統(tǒng)書法再一次成了必修課,其目標(biāo)在于提高學(xué)生的文化能力。修飾名詞calligraphy,前用形容詞形式。故填traditional。 （7）考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在在很多中國中小學(xué),傳統(tǒng)書法再一次成了必修課,其目標(biāo)在于提高學(xué)生的文化能力。aim to do固定短語，“目的在于做”。故填to enhance。 （8）考查介詞。句意：與此同時(shí),家長也愈加重視孩子們的寫字習(xí)慣了。attach importance to固定短語，“認(rèn)為……有重要意義”，故填to。 （9）考查副詞。句意：書法在當(dāng)今這個快節(jié)奏的社會中不僅沒有過時(shí),反而價(jià)值突顯。instead位于句首,連接上下句。通常是上句先否定一種情況,再以instead引出下句,提出相反的情況。故填instead。 （10）考查名