【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】
und ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(pare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the;have found;its;environmental;smaller;effects;casually;from;which;pared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章提出了人工塑料滲入到我們生活的方方面面。在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)新研究中,研究人員估計(jì),美國(guó)人平均每年吃掉5萬(wàn)多塊塑料微粒,這些微粒的長(zhǎng)度小于5毫米,再吸入5萬(wàn)粒塑料微粒。主要誘因是飲用瓶裝水。 (1)考查冠詞。句意:自從1907年第一個(gè)完全人工塑料被發(fā)明以來(lái)。根據(jù)first可知此處用冠詞the。故填the。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:人類(lèi)已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種材料的無(wú)數(shù)用途。since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。分析句子成分可知,主語(yǔ)是humans,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為have found。故填have found。 (3)考查代詞。句意:它已經(jīng)滲入我們的工具、我們的衣服甚至我們的身體。way是名詞,此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填its。 (4)考查形容詞。句意:在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)新研究中。此處要用形容詞修飾名詞science and technology(科學(xué)與技術(shù))。故填environmental。 (5)考查形容詞。句意:美國(guó)人平均每年吃掉5萬(wàn)多塊塑料微粒,這些微粒的長(zhǎng)度小于5毫米,再吸入5萬(wàn)粒塑料微粒。根據(jù)than可知此處要用形容詞比較級(jí)。故填smaller。 (6)考查名詞。句意:盡管食用這些小塑料碎片對(duì)健康的影響尚不清楚。根據(jù)the health是主語(yǔ)的一部分,可知此處用名詞作主語(yǔ),且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是are,故用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),填effects。 (7)考查副詞。句意:但研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào),人們隨意吞下的塑料碎片的實(shí)際數(shù)量令人擔(dān)憂。此處要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞swallowing 。故填casually。 (8)考查介詞。句意:最大促成物來(lái)自飲用瓶裝水。e from,固定短語(yǔ),“來(lái)自”。故填from。 (9)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來(lái)水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,先行詞為drinking bottled water,指物,且作in的賓語(yǔ),故此處填which。故填which。 (10)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來(lái)水的32倍多。分析句子可知,the bottle itself與pare在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填pared。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及冠詞,時(shí)態(tài),代詞,形容詞,名詞,介詞,副詞,定語(yǔ)從句以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇環(huán)保類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。7.語(yǔ)法填空 Nobody wants to be aged, but________it es to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world39。s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most ________(attract) cities in the world that I39。d like to remend to you. Luoyang stands out ________the oldest continually inhabited (持續(xù)居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be ________birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There ________(be) no other city in China that has seen so many________(dynasty) like Luoyang. With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot ________(offer). The longmen Grottoes(龍門(mén)石窟), which ________(include) in the world Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples________(constant) attract tourist from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple ________(build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city?【答案】 when;attractive;as;the;is;dynasties;to offer;has been included;constantly;built 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了古都洛陽(yáng)。洛陽(yáng)擁有悠久的、激動(dòng)人心的歷史和諸多名勝古跡。對(duì)游客來(lái)說(shuō),洛陽(yáng)是一個(gè)值得一游的城市。 (1)考查連詞。when it es to...固定短語(yǔ),當(dāng)提到……時(shí)。故填when。 (2)考查形容詞。空處在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾cities,故用形容詞attractive吸引人的。故填attractive。 (3)考查介詞。as在句中意為作為。stand out as固定短語(yǔ),作為……而出類(lèi)拔萃。故填as。 (4)考查冠詞。此處用定冠詞,特指中國(guó)文化和歷史的發(fā)源地。故填the。 (5)考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。文中客觀介紹了洛陽(yáng)的相關(guān)事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)??崭裉幩诰錇門(mén)here be句型,句中主語(yǔ)為no other city in China,所以be動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。故填 is。 (6)考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的so many可知此處用dynasty的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填dynasties。 (7)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。have意為有時(shí),后面接帶to的不定式。故填to offer。 (8)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since 2000表明空格處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),且which(指代The Longmen Grottoes)與include之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填has been included。 (9)考查副詞??仗幮揎椫^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,故用副詞。故填constantly。 (10)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知,the earliest Buddhist temple與build在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填built。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及連詞,形容詞,介詞,冠詞,時(shí)態(tài),主謂一致,名詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以及副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇介紹類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。8.語(yǔ)法填空 Nearly 800 new pupils of Lianhua Elementary School in Hefei, Anhui Province, is reported ________(receive) a unique gift: an admission letter ________their names are written by teachers using Chinese writing brush. ________(similar), Shaanxi Normal University has been sending their freshmen calligraphy admission for eleven years. Several former professors in ________70s take about a week writing more than 4,500 admission letters every year. It is believed in China that handwriting is the man, ________(mean) good handwriting can not only cultivate one39。s temperament (氣質(zhì)), but can also reflect one39。s literacy and character. At present, ________(tradition) calligraphy has again bee a pulsory lesson in many Chinese primary and middle schools, which aims ________(enhance) students39。 cultural petence. At the same time, parents are attaching great importance ________children39。s calligraphy practice. It is fair to say that calligraphy is not left out in today39。s fastpaced society。 ________, its inparable value is standing out. The charm of Chinese culture embodied in calligraphy can always strike a chord with writers and ________(view). Do you have any interest in learning it?【答案】 to have received;where;Similarly;their;meaning;traditional;to enhance;to;instead;viewers 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)書(shū)法越來(lái)越受重視。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,安徽省合肥市蓮花小學(xué)近800名新生收到了一份特殊的禮物。be reported to have done固定短語(yǔ),據(jù)說(shuō)/傳聞……的事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。故填to have received。 (2)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:他們的名字由老師們用毛筆書(shū)寫(xiě)的通知書(shū)。句中先行詞為an admission letter,在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。 (3)考查副詞。句意:無(wú)獨(dú)有偶,陜西師范大學(xué)已經(jīng)向新生寄送書(shū)法錄取通知書(shū)有11個(gè)年頭了。這里用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子。故填Similarly。 (4)考查代詞。句意:每年,數(shù)名70歲高齡的退休教授會(huì)花一個(gè)禮拜左右的時(shí)間寫(xiě)完4500余份錄取通知書(shū)。in one39。s 70s“在某人70多歲的時(shí)候”。這里指代former professors,故用their。故填their。 (5)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:中國(guó)人相信字如其人,也就是說(shuō),好的筆跡不僅能夠修身養(yǎng)性,還能反映出一個(gè)人的讀寫(xiě)能力和性格。句中邏輯主語(yǔ)handwriting is the man與mean之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填meaning。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:現(xiàn)在在很多中國(guó)中小學(xué),傳統(tǒng)書(shū)法再一次成了必修課,其目標(biāo)在于提高學(xué)生的文化能力。修飾名詞calligraphy,前用形容詞形式。故填traditional。 (7)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:現(xiàn)在在很多中國(guó)中小學(xué),傳統(tǒng)書(shū)法再一次成了必修課,其目標(biāo)在于提高學(xué)生的文化能力。aim to do固定短語(yǔ),“目的在于做”。故填to enhance。 (8)考查介詞。句意:與此同時(shí),家長(zhǎng)也愈加重視孩子們的寫(xiě)字習(xí)慣了。attach importance to固定短語(yǔ),“認(rèn)為……有重要意義”,故填to。 (9)考查副詞。句意:書(shū)法在當(dāng)今這個(gè)快節(jié)奏的社會(huì)中不僅沒(méi)有過(guò)時(shí),反而價(jià)值突顯。instead位于句首,連接上下句。通常是上句先否定一種情況,再以instead引出下句,提出相反的情況。故填instead。 (10)考查名