【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 rld are in great danger. In the past 50 years, the number of water with zero oxygen（氧氣） in the open ocean has increased more than four times. In the near coast water bodies, including the river mouth and seas, lowoxygen areas have increased more than 10 times since discover that oxygen continues dropping ever outside these zones as the Earth warms. To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（養(yǎng)分） pollution. Oxygen is a must to life in the oceans. The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth39。s environment. This is the first time for the scientists to take such a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide, in both the open ocean and the near coast waters. About half of the oxygen on Earth es from the ocean. However, mixed effects of nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing the number and size of dead zones in the open ocean and the near coast waters, where oxygen is too low to support most sea life. In the areas traditionally called dead zones, like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die. As fishes run away from these zones, their living areas bee smaller and smaller. But the problem goes far beyond dead zones. Even smaller oxygen drops can hold up the growth in animals and lead to disease or even death. Low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals. Although a few animals can grow well in dead zones, overall biodiversity（多樣性）falls.（1）How to stop the drop of ocean oxygen in the article? A.By controlling in both climate change and nutrient pollution around the world.B.By taking a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide.C.By running away from these zones, for the living areas bee smaller and smaller.D.By cutting down the number of animals in the oceans.（2）Why are these waters called dead zones from the article? A.Because the oxygen in these areas is too low for most sea life to live.B.Because nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing.C.Because there are no animals living in these areas.D.Because low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals.（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article? A.Only a few animals living in the sea need oxygen.B.Climate change can help cut down the dead zones.C.Fishes grow faster and better in low oxygen areas.D.Human activities have many serious effects on ocean environment.【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是介紹了世界海洋正處于極大的危險(xiǎn)之中。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（養(yǎng)分） pollution可知，通過控制全球氣候變化和營養(yǎng)污染阻止海洋氧氣的下降 ，故選A。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die，可知稱這些水域?yàn)椤八绤^(qū)”是因?yàn)檫@些地區(qū)的氧氣太低，大多數(shù)海洋生物無法生存 ，故選A。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth39。s ， 人類活動(dòng)對(duì)海洋環(huán)境有許多嚴(yán)重影響正確 ， 故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案。6．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。 Peter lived in a village. He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. One day, Peter went to ask a wise man for help. He said to the wise man, I have nothing left, so I don39。t want to live. The wise man smiled sympathetically（同情地）. The wise man took out a piece of paper and drew a straight line down the middle. He explained that he would write down the things Peter had lost on the left side and the things Peter still had on the right side. The wise man asked, When did your family leave you? What do you mean? They haven39。t left me. They love me! That39。s great! said the wise man. Then that will be the first thing on the right side Family haven39。t left. Now, do you have freedom（自由）? That39。s a silly question. Of course I do! Good! That39。s the second one on the right sideYou have freedom! said the wise man, writing it down. After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way, he finally understood and smiled. Things will change when you think of them in a different way! he said. As a matter of fact, change your attitude and you will change your world. It39。s necessary to have a positive（積極的）attitude to life.（1）Peter thought he had nothing left, so he was sad recently. （2）Peter39。s family didn39。t love him and left him. （3）The answer to the second question was written down on the left side. （4）The wise man asked Peter more than two questions. （5）From the passage, we can know that we should have a positive attitude to life. 【答案】 （1）1（2）0（3）0（4）1（5）1 【解析】【分析】主要講了通過Peter的故事告訴我們改變自己的態(tài)度，就好改變自己的世界，對(duì)生活要保持積極的態(tài)度。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)He was sad recently because he thought that he had nothing left. 可知Peter認(rèn)為自己一無所有，所以最近難過，故選正確。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)What do you mean? They haven39。t left me. They love me! 可知Peter家人喜歡他，沒有離開他，故選錯(cuò)誤。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)That39。s the second one on the right sideYou have freedom! 可知第二個(gè)問題的答案寫在了右邊，而不是左邊，故選錯(cuò)誤。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)After Peter was asked some more questions in the same way，可知前面問了兩個(gè)問題，后面又問了一些，所以是兩個(gè)多問題，故選正確。 （5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)It39。s necessary to have a positive（積極的） attitude to ，故選正確。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。7．閱讀理解 Parents of very young children know this: You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie—the evidence（證據(jù)） of candy written on his or her face. However, you get a wideeyed denial I didn39。t do it! Learning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral （道德） development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there. Early 2017 Professor Craig E. Smith published a study. He and his workmates chose 48 children between four and nine years of age. They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong, such as taking a classmate39。s toy or candy, and then either lying about the wrong doing to a parent or confessing （承認(rèn)） it. In each case, they asked the children, How would the child feel? How would the mother feel? The children39。s answers were generally divided according to age, which is in agreement with the stolen candy, lying and getting unpunished. They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed. However, the seventonineyearolds were more possible （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （積極的） feelings towards a confessor. Smith says, kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child39。s confession are more likel