【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 s a project involving researchers at Peking University in China and Yale University in the United States.”可知，本文的話題是研究表明空氣污染會大大降低人們的智力。該研究是一個由中國北京大學(xué)和美國耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員參與的項目。因此可以推斷出文章可能來自于科學(xué)雜志。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 There might be as many as 10 million species of plex life on this planet today —— a huge number. But add up all of the plex species that ever lived and some biologists think the grand total would be about five billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing conclusion: a staggering 99% of species are not around any more. They have been driven to extinction. More species are joining the ranks of the extinct every year. Many scientists believe we are living through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction, on a scale that has been seen only five times in the last half a billion years. They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause. Overhunting, overfishing, and humandriven habitat loss are pushing many species to the brink. In fact, we have changed the planet so much that some geologists are now suggesting that we have entered a new phase in Earth39。s history。 an epoch they call the ＂Anthropocene＂. By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world39。s current species. Because we are living through this extinction, it is relatively easy for us to study the driving forces behind it. But how do we determine what caused other mass dieoffs that happened long ago? To do so we have to look at what archaeologists, palaeontologists, geologists and other scientists have concluded from the evidence they have gathered. The trouble is, those scientists do not always agree with one another —— even about the most recent extinction event. As well as the fiveor six mass extinctions, there have also been many smaller extinctions. One of these mini extinction events happened towards the end of the Pleistocene, a few tens of thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the ＂megafaunal＂ extinction because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However, its cause remains a debate amongst scientists.（1）What can we learn about the sixth mass extinction？ A.Humans are the main cause of it.B.It means a global decline over a long time.C.It occurred towards the end of the Pleistocene.D.Scientists still disagree about the cause of it.（2）What can be inferred from the text about species？ A.99% of species will not be around any more by 2100.B.By the 22nd century, there will probably be about five million on this planet.C.About eight years later we will enter what is called the ＂Anthropocene＂.D.It is not easy for us to figure out causes behind the＂Anthropocene＂.（3）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ? A.Land animals.B.Marine life.C.Huge animals.D.Flesheating creatures.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，許多科學(xué)家認為，我們正經(jīng)歷著地球史上第六次大規(guī)模物種滅絕，主要原因是人類的過度捕獵、過度捕撈和人類棲息地的喪失。但是，各個科學(xué)家對過去物種滅絕原因有著不同的看法，即便是最近的一次小規(guī)模物種滅絕——大型動物滅絕，有關(guān)的滅絕原因，科學(xué)家仍在爭論。(1)考查細節(jié)理解。第三段提到大規(guī)模物種滅絕是在a relatively short period of time，所以B錯誤；最后一段提到大型動物的滅絕發(fā)生在the end of the Pleistocene，而第六次大規(guī)模物種滅絕是當下正在發(fā)生的，所以C錯誤；根據(jù)第三段中的＂They call this current episode the sixth mass extinction —— a large, global decline in a wide variety of species over a relatively short period of time. And they tend to agree that humans are the main cause.＂可知，科學(xué)家認為人類是第六次大規(guī)模物種滅絕的主要原因，沒有不同意見，因此D錯誤，因此選A。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“There might be as many as 10 million species of plex life on this planet today ”，以及第四段中的＂By 2100, it is expected that humans will have caused the extinction of up to half of the world39。s current species.＂可知，到22世紀，地球還會有目前物種的1/2會滅絕，也就是10million的半，即five million，因此選B。(3)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的＂because many of the species it claimed were particularly large animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg).＂可推知 ＂megafaunal＂應(yīng)為大型動物，因此選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school. Her skin is dark, her accent is thick, and if you ask her, she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of. Tahay is a poet, and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles. When she is on the stage, audiences often go silent. They also laugh, shout and cry. But this doesn39。t e easily for someone who es from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America. When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her “mouse”. “How do I defend myself?” Tahay thought. “I don39。t know how.” “Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you39。ll learn.” She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVDs: English without Barriers. Tahay39。s elder brother, Elmer, persuaded her to go to the afterschool poetry club. In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High School39。s poetry program into one of the most respected in the city. Her team draws from the likes of . Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful. The first time Tahay read the group39。s poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). “I wish I could write like that,” she thought. “I want to say something.”She wrote her first poem about her first year in America. She called it Invisible. The day her turn came to recite in front of the team, she broke down crying. She cried for 15 minutes. “I had so much held in,” Tahay said. “I couldn39。t even finish it.” But she kept at it despite her lessthanperfect grammar, spelling and diction (措辭). Still, she wouldn39。t tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her. But with time, her poems changed her.