【文章內容簡介】 0。 The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film let out a sigh of relief. I39。m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn39。t bothering, right? viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook. However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. You can39。t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse, said the show39。s creator David Attenborough, according to The Times. In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a oneoff situation. There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren39。t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope, he told the BBC. Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, If it39。s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gutwrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you39。re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear. There39。s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you, Will Lawson, the show39。s director, told Daily Mail.（1）What has led to a heated media discussion? 39。s various remarks on penguins. rescue of penguins from a gully. penguins39。 sufferings in a gully. of filming the series Dynasties.（2）Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference? Shaw. Lawson. Nieklen. Attenborough.（3）Which of the following best explains the word gutwrenching underlined in paragraph 6? one in place. one confused. one in danger. one heartbroken.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? for the Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals on How to Protect Animals From Danger of Human Interference on Dangerous Animals on Whether to Help Animals in Trouble or Not【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了當動物們面臨危險時，我們是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保護它們脫險。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope（斜坡）so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.”和第三段中的“The case has taken the international media by storm”可知，從峽谷中救出企鵝這一事件引起了大家的熱議。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“I39。m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn39。t bothering, right? viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.”可知，她對幫助動物是很贊成的，故選A。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)上文大家對干涉動物的行為有不同觀點，再結合下文的“you stay out of the way. Even when you39。re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.可知，此句句意為：如果這是個捕食的情景，無論你是多么的心碎，你都不能干預。結合四個選項可知，此處用Making one heartbroken（心碎）最合句意。故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文就救助企鵝的視頻引發(fā)的熱議講述了當動物面臨危險時，我們如何伸出援助之手給出了一些建議。因此，本文的最佳標題應為“若何保護動物脫險的建議”。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇科教類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀下面文章，然后從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出每個問題的最佳選項。 My two and fouryearold boys love to win, whether they39。re racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It39。s true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for highranking peoples—but only if those people aren39。t hurtful toward others. Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three. However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how. The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status, but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference. In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my fouryearold thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I39。ll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.（1）What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph? challenges all the time. highranking people. advantage of high status. others with offensive words.（2）Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass? looked adorable. behaved smartly. seemed polite. was respected.（3）What can we infer from the latter study? people are better loved by toddlers. naturally dislike unkind behavior. care little about high social status. helpful contributes to being supported.（4）What should we do when we encourage children to win? them to use proper and creative ways. them to be as hardworking as possible. them to be considerate to other people. them to try to cooperate with someone else.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人們更傾向于喜歡和尊敬地位高而又無害于他人的人，這似乎是一種天性，即使是蹣跚學步的孩子也是如此。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate（天生的）preference for highranking peoples—but only if those people aren39。t hurtful toward others.”可知，我們更傾向于敬佩那些地位高的人。故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.”可知，蹣跚學步的孩子喜歡那個被允許通過的木偶，是因為這種行為代表著受人尊敬，孩子們更喜歡受尊敬的人。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked the participants were so young, this