【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 nation means a shipment is moved free on board to a destination。 the seller pays the freight. FOB Factory (the point of origin) means a shipment is loaded free on board at the point of origin。 the buyer pays for the freight. Collect on Delivery (COD) means the buyer pays for the freight at the time of receipt 從賣家倉庫運(yùn)輸貨物到買家倉庫的花費(fèi)。 Full Pallet Select 整板選取A full pallet select occurs when the ordered quantity is the same as the quantity on a full pallet. The selection is usually performed by a forklift 當(dāng)定單的定貨數(shù)量與整板貨物數(shù)量相同時就叫做整板選取，通常用叉車操作 GravityFlow Rack 重力流料架A series of inclined shelves with rollers replenished from the rear. As one unit is selected, another automatically moves forward Handling/carrying 在同一場所內(nèi)，對物品進(jìn)行水平移動為主的物流作業(yè)。（GB/T183542001） Handling Unit 處理單元Goods or aggregation of goods bundled together for distribution and logistics purposes. May include an individual item in a carton, bined items on pallets and skids, or items transferred in independently identified containers, such as ocean containers, rail cars or trucking trailers 處理單元包括了一個紙箱中的單獨(dú)貨品、卡板上的成組貨品、在獨(dú)立的標(biāo)識容器中運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浧?Harmonized Tariff Code A code to numerically describe all articles in international trade managed by the World Customs Organization 由世界海關(guān)組織維護(hù)的關(guān)于國際貿(mào)易貨品的編碼，也就是通常所說的HS Code Harardous Class/Indicator 危險品分類/標(biāo)識Indicates whether the product is a hazard or source of danger. This prevents nonhazardous product from being mixed with hazardous products. The class indicates the category of hazardous material 標(biāo)識產(chǎn)品是否是危險品，危險品的分類 Inbound 入口The flow of products into a distribution center prior to order selection Inner Pack 內(nèi)包裝A unit that is a multiple of a storage case. Normally this is some shrinkwrapped or bundled quantity of retail units within a case. The inner pack is made up of one or many retail units. This quantity is not required to equal the number of retail units in a shipping unit. 內(nèi)包裝通常是收縮包纏或零售單元打包，內(nèi)包裝是由一個或多個零售單元組成，發(fā)運(yùn)單位不一定與零售單位相同 Inventory 庫存All stock on hand at any given time, either visibly displayed or in stockrooms and other secured areas. Inventory also refers to piling an itemized list of all such items 指定時刻所有貨品的在庫量。處于儲存狀態(tài)的物品。廣義的庫存還包括處于制造狀態(tài)和運(yùn)輸狀態(tài)的物品（GB/T183542001） Inventory Adjustment 庫存調(diào)整Adjustments made to the inventory created by the physical inventory and cycle counting processes 當(dāng)盤點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)異動后對庫存進(jìn)行調(diào)整 Inventory Control 存量控制Control of current stock (shelf, back room, warehouse, on order, etc.) so that merchandise received conforms to sales demands, and outofstocks or overstocks are avoided 控制當(dāng)前庫存使得收到的貨品能滿足銷售的需求，避免缺貨或積壓情況的出現(xiàn) Inventory Detail 存儲細(xì)節(jié)A pallet of a single product located in a warehouse location. When a pallet is put away, the information from the receipt detail is transferred to the inventory detail. The inventory detail is then associated with the location 當(dāng)一板貨放置到存儲區(qū)后，存儲細(xì)節(jié)被更新，存儲細(xì)節(jié)與存儲位置相關(guān) Invoice 發(fā)票A bill for goods showing the amount owed to a creditor Just in time(JIT) 準(zhǔn)時制（GB/T183542001）在精確測定生產(chǎn)各工藝環(huán)節(jié)作業(yè)效率的前提下按訂單準(zhǔn)確的計劃，消除一切無效作業(yè)與浪費(fèi)為目的標(biāo)的一種管理模式。 JIT Delivery System 即時交貨系統(tǒng)An inventory management system in which warehouse inventory is maintained at minimum levels because replenishment stock is immediately available from suppliers 即時交貨系統(tǒng)保證了庫存處于最低水平，因為可以立即地從供應(yīng)商處補(bǔ)貨 Label 標(biāo)簽A pressuresensitive, adhesivebacked paper (containing product, pricing, and other information) affixed to cases or pallets to identify and track them through the distribution process 貼在箱或卡板上的紙條，通常包括包含產(chǎn)品信息，用于在整個配送過程中標(biāo)識和跟蹤這批貨 Lead Time Total time from receipt of store order to the scheduled delivery time of the product at the store 從收到門店的定單開始到貨交付到門店所花費(fèi)的時間 LTL(LessThanTruckload) A shipment weighing less than the weight required for a truckload rate 運(yùn)輸重量少于整車的額定重量 Let Down(Replenishment) The moving of inventory from reserve storage to the active picking slots below 從后備區(qū)移動貨物到活動揀貨區(qū) License Plate Normally a bar code identifying a pallet or quantity of product。 can be generic or systemgenerated 用來標(biāo)識一個卡板或若干貨品的條形碼 Loading and unloading 裝卸（GB/T183542001）物品在指定地點(diǎn)以人力或機(jī)械裝入運(yùn)輸設(shè)備或卸下。 Logistics 物流Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet customers39。 requirements. （Definition of Council of Logistics Management）物品從供應(yīng)地向接收地的實物流動過程。根據(jù)實際需要，將運(yùn)輸、儲存、裝卸、包裝、流通加工、配送、信息處理等基本功能實施有機(jī)結(jié)合。（GB/T183542001） Logistics center 物流中心（GB/T183542001）從事物流活動的場所或組織，應(yīng)基本符合下列條件：a）主要面向社會服務(wù)b）物流功能健全c）完善的信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)d）輻射范圍大e）少品種、大批量f）存儲、吞吐能力強(qiáng)g）物流業(yè)務(wù)統(tǒng)一經(jīng)營、管理 Lot Number 批號The process of tracking production where units are produced in a batch 用于跟蹤同一批次產(chǎn)品的編號，批次的編號規(guī)則應(yīng)生產(chǎn)廠商而異例一：某制藥企業(yè)的批號編碼規(guī)則：兩位年份 + 四位日期 + 兩位當(dāng)天生產(chǎn)批次流水號 Material requirements planning（MRP）物料需求計劃（GB/T183542001）一種工業(yè)制造企業(yè)內(nèi)的物資計劃管理模式。根據(jù)產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)個層次物品的從屬和數(shù)量關(guān)系，以每個物品為計劃對象，以完工日期為時間基準(zhǔn)倒排計劃，按提前期長短區(qū)別各個物品下達(dá)計劃時間的先后順序。 Manufacturing resource planning（MRPⅡ）制造需求計劃（GB/T183542001）從整體最優(yōu)的角度出發(fā)，運(yùn)用科學(xué)的方法，對企業(yè)的各種制造資源和企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營各環(huán)節(jié)實行合理有效地計劃、組織、控制和協(xié)調(diào)，達(dá)到既能連續(xù)均衡生產(chǎn)，又能有效地降低各種物品的庫存兩，進(jìn)而提高企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的管理方法。 Minimum Order Requirements 最小定單要求A minimum quantity of goods (set by the manufacturer or supplier) that the retailer or wholesaler must order at one time in order to qualify for a discount 由生產(chǎn)商或供應(yīng)商設(shè)定的最小定貨數(shù)量，零售商或批發(fā)商只有達(dá)到這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才能獲得折扣 Mixed Load 混合裝載A trailer load that includes more than one product line (., dry groceries, produce, meat, and dairy products). 將不同類的產(chǎn)品如雜貨、肉、日常用品混裝 Narrow Aisle 窄過道An aisle that requires special equipment to pick or stock, normally 5–6 feet in width 一種需要特種設(shè)備進(jìn)行上貨和揀貨的過道，通常56 英尺寬 Numbering System 編號系統(tǒng)A guide to all the slot locations in the facility, that is essential for efficient storage, replenishment, and selection. The system chosen depends on the facility39。s unique needs. Up to ten characters (alphanumeric) are used to designate aisle, bay, level,