【正文】 the middle the last.2 When we shift the order, we create a certain emphatic effect , other elements such as attributes and adverbials are usually placed close to what they modify.The second strategy。(2)由neither…nor not only…but also連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，隨后動詞形式常遵循就近原則。 suitable for the explanation of views and theories, or the description of things with many details.2 By varying the pattern: by sentence patterns, we mean sentence of different functions and structuresA Avoid strings of brief and simple sentenceB Avoid too many pound sentence.Sentence function: declarative .interrogative imperative exclamatoryGrammatical structure。 she is afraid he might get hurt. 2 the semicolon is used to separate a series of items which containFor example, professor Zhao, Dean of the Normal College。 some may even sound odd.Style and audienceThe formal style is characterized by extensive vocabulary, frequent use of formal and abstract words, absence of slang and almost no contraction or clipped words.The informal style is characterized by vocabularies ranging from formal to colloquial but mostly general, and occasional and clipped words.Different style are used to address different audiences and on different occasions.Chinglish: it refers to the unidiomatic use of English by Chinese speakerAvoid literal translationchinglishdiomaticBig filmblockbusterEarly lovePuppy loveConvenient noodlesInstant noodlesFist productKnockout productOne sex goodsDisposable goodsGrasp the connotation請幫我們(宣傳)一下這個新產(chǎn)品。 b slowly the sentence down, so the reader will pun date over the ideas. C interrupted coordination: the phrase inserted adds more information to the original sentence. B Making the sentence pasterns more varied.Joining Sentence Together Unit 8 FocusSubordination The clause that can be used independently is called independent clause 。 moreover, it brought him money.Colon1 uses a colon to introduce an explanation, a summary, an appositive, or a list of things.2 it is used after a plete statement when introducing a list.常用錯誤，在英語中例如一類的詞后常用逗號代替冒號。 when the subject is acted upon, the verb is in the passive voice.1Choosing the active voiceThe active voice stresses the activity of the subject and helps to make a sentence direct, concise, and vigorous.2Choosing the passive voiceThough the active voice is more monly used in writing, the passive voice may be more suitable for the following:1when the agent is followed by a long modifier, we use the passive voice to avoid suspension of the verb2the passive also used to keep the focus of two sentencesGrammarTense1The simple present: a表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，b表經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性動作，c表主語具備的性格和功能 d普遍真理和自然規(guī)律e表示將來和過去時間2Sequence of tenses: simple present, simple past, present progressive, past progressive, present perfective, past perfective, present perfective progressive, past perfective progressiveMood: the indicative mood, the imperative mood, the subjunctive moodThe subjunctive mood: In grammar, the subjunctive mood (abbreviated sjv or sbjv) is a verb mood typically used in subordinate clauses to express various states of unreality such as wish, emotion, possibility, judgment, opinion, necessity, or action that has not yet occurred. It is sometimes referred to as the conjunctive mood, as it often follows a conjunctionUnit 5 Expanded Sentence BaseFocusAttributes: words or phrases used to narrow down or describe nouns are called attributes.What can be used as attribute?A Determiners: refers to words that are used to define the referential meaning of a noun or a nominal phrase.It included articles, possessive and demonstrative pronouns, and cardinal and ordinal numerals.B adjectives are the most mon attributes.For example: hairy animals, a red roseC nouns: most of them indicate the feature of the noun modified. For example: Her boy friend is a fashion designer.Ding forms : to describe the function ,feature ,or to indicate the present state of the noun.We all like her s