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【正文】 hat are intentional goaloriented. Accidental occurrence。puterization ? physical setting:consider work demands,formal interaction requirement social needs when m d. About space configurations,interior design,equip placement ? people: changing the attitudes behaviors of to change ? Individual:habit,security,economic factors, fear of the unknown,selective information process ? anization:structural inertia,limited focus of change,group inertia,threat to expertise, threat to established power relationships, (RA) ? overing:education munication, participation, facilitation support,negotiation, manipulation cooperation,coersion ? the politics of change:threaten the status quo。discussion follows remedies are suggested. Interventions ? Process consultation(PC):consultant gives a client insight into what is going on around the client, between the client other people。 long tenure in is associated with . where there are slack resource,bearing the cost of 。Dimensions of Organizational Change Top Down _______________ Bottomup Radical _______________ Incremental Discontinuous _____________ Continuous Planned _______________ Emergent OD Incremental, gradual, planed changes Organizational transformationDecisive, rapid,fundamental changes Chap. 18 Organizational Change Development 167。 power, stakeholder,impetusnew er to managing change (1) 3Phase (Lewin’ s notion) ? Unfreezing:change effort t
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