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carbon steel. This finer pearlite has higher hardness and strength, which has an effect on machinability and may lower ductility. Weldability. The generally bad influence of alloys on weldability is a further reflection of the influence on hardenability. With alloys present is a further reflection of the influence on hardenability. With alloys prese nt during the rapid cooling taking place in the welding area, hard, nonductile structures are formed in the steel and frequently lead to cracking and distortion. Grain Size and Toughness. Nickel in particular has a very beneficial effect by retarding grain growth in the austenite range. As with hardenability, it is the secondary effects of grain refinement that are noted in properties. A finer grain structure may actually have less hardenability, but it has its most pronounced effect on toughness。同時(shí),我更加衷心的感謝 孫 老師在這段畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)日里無微不至的關(guān)懷和栽培。因?yàn)樵O(shè)計(jì)零件本身要求的精度不高,所以在設(shè)計(jì)過程中堅(jiān)持簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用為基本原則。 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 25 第 7 章 繪制模具總裝圖 本模具 的裝配圖 圖 71 模具總裝圖 1—下模座; 2—導(dǎo)柱 ; 3—凸凹模固定板 ; 4—彈簧 ; 5—卸料螺釘 ; 6—卸料板 ; 7—凹模 ; 8—導(dǎo)套 ; 9—上模座; 10—緊固螺釘 ; 11—螺釘 ; 12—模柄 ; 13—打料桿 ;14—推板; 15—推桿 ; 16—墊板 ; 17—凸模固定板 ; 18—沖小孔凸模; 19— 沖大孔凸模 ; 20推件塊 ; 21—凸凹模 ; 22—圓柱銷 ; 23—擋料銷; 24—導(dǎo) 料銷 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 26 本模具的工作原理 制成該工件采用的是復(fù)合模具結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)前述分析采用復(fù)合模具的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),凹模 7,凸模 1 19 裝在上模,凸凹模 21 裝在下模。 工作臺(tái)面的尺寸 根據(jù)下模座 LB=250 ㎜ 200 ㎜ , 且 每 邊 留 出 30mm~50mm, 即L1B1=300mm250mm,而壓力機(jī)的工作臺(tái) 面 L2B2=1120mm7100mm,沖壓件和廢料從下模漏出 ,故符合要求 ,得以校核。螺釘?shù)囊?guī)格選用 M16,在根據(jù)實(shí)際要求 ,查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選用 M16;銷釘根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選用 A10,材料為 45 鋼。墊板材料為 T8A,淬火硬度為 54~ 58HRC。材料選用 Q235 鋼,其支撐面應(yīng)垂直于模柄的軸線 (垂直度不應(yīng)超過 :100)。經(jīng)校核凸凹模的強(qiáng)度能夠滿足要求。 表 51 系數(shù) K 的數(shù)值 b/mm 厚度 t 1 2 3 3 50 50~100 經(jīng)計(jì)算,得 H? 32mm 取 H=40mm 凹模壁厚 c=(~ 2)H (54) 取 c=2H=240=80mm。 定位方式的選擇 本制件是大批量生產(chǎn),采用手工送料方式。): 25176。 該沖裁件 A=15+ 1a =15+=,B= ? ? ? ? 2222 ???? ???????????? ??孔S 9 ??????? 孔 條料寬度B/mm 材料厚度 t/mm 01 12 23 35 050 50100 100150 150220 220300 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 9 %% ????? 沖壓力的計(jì)算并初步選取壓力機(jī)的噸位 沖裁力的計(jì)算 沖裁工藝力主要包括沖裁力 F、卸料力 卸F 、推件力 推F 和頂件力 頂F 。復(fù)合模的行位精度和尺寸精度容易保證,且生產(chǎn)也高,盡管模具結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜,但由于零件的幾何形狀復(fù)雜程度一般,所以模具的制造并不太困難;級(jí)進(jìn)模的生產(chǎn)效率也高,但零件的沖裁精度稍差,預(yù)保證沖壓件的行位精度,需要在模具上設(shè)置導(dǎo)正銷導(dǎo)正,故模具的制造,安裝較復(fù)合模復(fù)雜。 方案一:用簡(jiǎn)單模分兩次加工,即先落料 ,后沖孔。 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 5 由以上分析可知,圖示 工 件具有比較好的沖壓工藝性,適合沖壓生產(chǎn)。模具的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度越高,專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)越強(qiáng),模具的生產(chǎn)周期就會(huì)越短,生產(chǎn)成本越低,模具質(zhì)量越高。 冷沖壓是各類模具中所占比例最多,應(yīng)用最為廣泛的一種。在這些工業(yè)部門中,沖壓件所占的比重都相當(dāng)?shù)?大,少則 60%以上,多則 90%以上。這是 因?yàn)闆_壓是依靠沖模和沖壓設(shè)備來完成加工,普通壓力機(jī)的行程次數(shù)為每分鐘可達(dá)幾十次,高速壓力要每分鐘可達(dá)數(shù)百次甚至千次以上,而且每次沖壓行程就可能得到一個(gè)沖件。沖壓是材料壓力加工或塑性加工 的主要方法之一,隸屬于材料成型工程術(shù)。冷沖壓工藝是一種生產(chǎn)效率高、少切屑或無切屑的先進(jìn)加工方法,在經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)方面都具有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn) 。 關(guān)鍵詞: 沖壓、落料沖孔復(fù)合模、倒裝復(fù)合模 、工藝性分析 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) II MACHINE COVER PLATE STAMPING MOLD DESIGN ABSTRACT Cold stamping is in room temperature makes the separati on or sheet forming and get the processing method. Cold stamping process is a kind of high production efficiency, less scraps or no scraps of advanced processing methods in economic and technology has many advantages. Quality of products and stamping mould depends on cold stamping. The product can ensure stamping mould dimension accuracy, make the product quality is stable, but also in the process of product surface damage. This project is a blanking die design based on the original design of the locking lever rider, ponents, and use of the structure of the drawing software AutCAD and twodimensional and threedimensional drawing parts drawing, then through the course of stamping process analysis, knowledge parts design several sets of machining process and analysis, choose a suitable processing scheme, ultimately chose pound blank and pierce dies, the processing plan step after processing scheme, mold design, and choose the appropriate through calculation. KEY WORDS: tamping, posite modulus, pound blank and pierce dies, pound die is flip, process of analysis 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) III 目錄 前 言 ........................................................................................ 1 第 1 章 零件的工藝性分析 ......................................................... 4 沖裁件的工藝性分析 ...................................................... 4 沖裁件的工藝性 .................................................... 4 沖裁件結(jié)構(gòu)的工藝要求 ......................................... 5 第 2 章 工藝方案及模具形式 ...................................................... 6 第 3 章 主要工藝參數(shù)計(jì)算 ......................................................... 7 排樣的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 ......................................................... 7 排樣的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................... 7 合理搭邊值及條料寬度的確定 .............................. 7 計(jì)算送料步距和條料的寬度 ................................. 7 材料的利用率( η) .............................................. 8 沖壓力的計(jì)算并初步選取壓力機(jī)的噸位 ........................ 9 沖裁力的計(jì)算 ....................................................... 9 卸料力、推件力、頂件力和總沖壓力的計(jì)算 ...... 10 壓力機(jī)公稱壓力的確定及初選壓力機(jī) .................. 11 壓力中心的確定 ............................................................ 11 工作部分的尺寸 計(jì)算 .................................................... 12 落料件尺寸計(jì)算 .................................................. 12 沖孔件尺寸計(jì)算 .................................................. 13 第 4 章 模具總體設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................. 14 模具類型 的選擇 ........................................................... 14 定位方式的選擇 ........................................................... 14 導(dǎo)向方式的選擇 ........................................................... 14 卸料方式的選擇 ........................................................... 14 第 5 章 沖裁模主要 零部件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................ 15 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) IV 工作零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................... 15 凹模的設(shè)計(jì) ............................