法律英語(yǔ)案例賞析(存儲(chǔ)版)
【正文】 G8:八國(guó)集團(tuán)，由美國(guó)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、德國(guó)、意大利、加拿大、日本和俄羅斯八國(guó)組成。s public offices, such as a foreign ministry or interior ministry. The election of a different executive is therefore capable of revolutionising an entire country39。s political basis.[ Judiciary ? A judiciary is a number of judges mediating disputes to determine oute. Most countries have systems of appeal courts, answering up to a supreme legal authority. In the United States, this is the Supreme Court。 scales representing the weighing of peting claims。s bureaucracy, the military and police are vital. While all these ans of the state are creatures created and bound by law, an independent legal profession and a vibrant civil society inform and support their progress. Different Categories substantive law and procedural law。 ? Some countries allow their highest judicial authority to overrule legislation they determined as unconstitutional ? A judiciary is theoretically bound by the constitution, much as legislative bodies are. In most countries judges may only interpret the constitution and all other laws. But in mon law countries, where matters are not constitutional, the judiciary may also create law under the doctrine of precedent. ? In munist states, such as China, the courts are often regarded as parts of the executive, or subservient to the legislature。 The United Nations39。 the Queen of the United Kingdom (a hereditary title). The other important model is the presidential system, found in France, the . and Russia. In presidential systems, the executive acts as both head of state and head of government, and has power to appoint an unelected cabi. Under a presidential system, the executive branch is separate from the legislature to which is not accountable. ? Although the role of the executive varies from country to country, usually it will propose the majority of legislation, and propose government agenda. In presidential systems, the executive often has the power to veto legislation. Most executives in both systems are responsible for foreign relations, the military and police, and the bureaucracy. Ministers or other officials head a country39。s access to justice and a pluralistic civil society— a term used to refer to the social institutions, munities and partnerships that form law39。s coercive power。 civil law system and mon law system。 governmental institutions and officers exert thus various forms of influence on the judiciary. Legislature ? Prominent examples of legislatures are the Houses of Parliament in London, the Congress in Washington
醫(yī)療健康相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1