【正文】 understanding [1]) 47 Plagiarism ? Collusion ? Never take another student?s work and present it as your own ? Where you are required to work with others to produce a shared document (collaboration), each person?s contribution must be identified ? If there are elements of your final year project that do involve others, the distinctive contributions must be shown 48 Plagiarism ? Duplication ? If you have written on/produced research on a topic before, you must never represent it without acknowledgement ? Note that you can plagiarise yourself! ? But not if you have the agreement of your module convenor to use earlier work。 evaluation of the topic sentence ? c. Evidence that supports the explanation and evaluation ? As you read each paragraph, try and place the information into these three areas 19 Paragraph activity ? Lloyd, D and Hanawalt, (2022) ? Look at sample paragraph ? Repeat process for following paragraph 20 Critical reading ? It is always important to take a (constructively) critical stance to all your reading ? You should always expect papers and texts to conform to the principles of academic integrity ? Hypotheses should always be properly tested。1 Reading techniques and critical reading referencing and plagiarism The Department of Biosciences Stage 3 Project Induction Shaun Theobald The Student Learning Advisory Service 2 Keywords for this lecture ? Academic integrity ? Academic dishonesty ? Referencing ? Intext citations ? Reference list ? Numeric referencing systems ? Vancouver 3 Keywords for this lecture ? Plagiarism ? Common knowledge ? Collusion ? Collaboration ? Duplication ? Paraphrasing ? Summarising 4 Aims of this lecture ? To explore the process of reading effectively ? To explore the process of reading critically ? To examine the concept of academic integrity ? To relate this to final year projects ? To describe and examine plagiarism 5 Aims of this lecture ? To demonstrate the ways in which you can avoid plagiarism ? Putting academic integrity into practice ? Understanding referencing ? Numeric referencing。 results discussed and a conclusion reached ? But there may well be alternative ways of presenting research ? Alternate interpretations may well be possible! 21 Critical reading ? Common Mistakes in presenting/preparing Final Year Dissertations: ? “Not being critical enough. Both of previous researcher?s work and of yours. A good literature review and discussion is reliant on your ability to discuss, make parisons and critically analyse previous researchers? work. You should also be able to recognise shortings in your work and suggest how you?d approach the same issue differently next time” (6) 22 Critical reading ? There is no ?magic solution? to developing critical reading ? Continuous practice, and a willingness to adopt a ?critical mindset? , will help ? You might like to consider how you can foster this mindset by using a template for taking notes 23 Critical reading – a notes template ? Consider the following headings – ? 1. Source information ? For accurate referencing ? 2. Key points ? Your words ? 3. Quotations/information directly from source material ? 4. Key data/formula etc ? 5. Summary of results/discussion/conclusion ? 6. Alternative interpretation of results/discussion/conclusion 24 Critical reading – a notes template ? The advantages of adopting this kind of template are as follows: ? It puts all your notes in a standard format ? Comparison (and critical parison) of sources is easier, therefore ? Separating your words and source material means you are less likely to fall into the ?plagiarism trap? ? Having a section in which you always record alternative interpretations/explanations helps foster a ?critical mindset? 25 BREAK ? 510 mins 26 Final year projects ? Extensive piece of written work ? Five forms…but all have in mon ? Focus on originality, independent evaluation and quality of research ? Informed by 80 / 100 sources ? Marks to be gained for presentation ? Following a formal academic style ? Correct referencing procedures