【正文】 這些沉淀物隨后 作為富含氮、磷、鉀、納的有機(jī)礦物肥料被循環(huán)利用。 觀察 磷脂沉淀 主要 是用的色譜分析方法 。 — wastes can be used as an effective organic and mineral fertiliser. 它可以很容易的進(jìn)行 而且 反應(yīng)物 便宜 ； 反應(yīng)物 (次氯酸鈉 )是可在 卡盧什 小鎮(zhèn)作為 生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的 副產(chǎn)品 ； 反應(yīng)物開(kāi)支不 大； 加工廢物的數(shù)量也不大（ 只有氧化 廢物 、 已 消毒 的 有機(jī)污染 物產(chǎn)生 ）； 可以 用 來(lái)在提高現(xiàn)有凈化設(shè)備 ； 垃圾可以作為一種有效的有機(jī) 、 礦物肥料。 The conducted studies have shown that among all the oxidants which were used, the most effective one is sodium hypochlorite. Therefore, the basis of the proposed method for purification of wastewaters was a preliminary separation of clarified and neutralized wastewater by dint of calcium carbonate, subsequently sodium hypochlorite for water clarification and its additional neutralization was used. This is the most simple and technologically feasible method. It has several advantages, specifically: 進(jìn)行的研究表明 ， 在所有的氧化劑 的 使用 中 最有效的一種是次氯酸鈉。水凈化工藝 使用混凝劑將膠體和懸浮物進(jìn)行初步分離，然后將分離結(jié)果進(jìn)行過(guò)濾、沉淀或浮選。 3 磷脂酰丙三醇 。 3 phosphatidylglycerol。 經(jīng)過(guò)干燥 ， 感光片 插入到裝滿方法 1溶液的色譜 儀內(nèi)。 turbidity of the water sample was determined using the photometric method of analysis (turbidimetric method). 為了確定 BOD5, 制作經(jīng)檢測(cè)水樣的中和液 ，然后倒入一種特別的準(zhǔn)備好的、含飽和氧、含有機(jī)物的水；保持水樣一段時(shí)間（ 5 天）恒溫 20177。 8 BOD5 氧 mg/dm179。 15 9 pH value mg/dm179。 Table 1. Quality indicators of wastewaters from the examined oilproducing facilities 表 1 從含 油 污水 設(shè)備 中檢查出的質(zhì)量指標(biāo) No. Wastewater indicator quality Measuring unit Values(de facto) Values(normal) 1 Iron (general) mg/dm179。 從今天開(kāi)始 ， 主要問(wèn)題是這些設(shè)備在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中大量排放的污水。 這些工業(yè) 污水 大多受到污染 ，特別是有機(jī)物的污染；當(dāng)前的凈化設(shè)備不能達(dá)到衛(wèi)生要求。取決于純化的深度，以下類(lèi)型食用油被生產(chǎn) : ? nonrefined (cleaned from mechanical admixtures) ? hydrated (cleaned from phosphatides) ? refined nondeodorised (cleaned from phosphatides, free fat acids, colouring agents) ? refined deodorised (refined oil cleaned from aromatic and flavouring substances, pesticides and carcinogens). After the nonrefined oil is separated from the raw material, it is to be filtered or left to settle, so that peelings, particles of seed coats, pulp etc can be removed. The nonrefined oil possesses colour, flavour, and smell which are peculiar to its mother raw material as well as all the corresponding substances (including the biologically active ones) which are native to it. ?未精煉的 (來(lái)自機(jī)械壓榨 ) ?水合物 (來(lái)自磷脂 ) ?精煉有臭味的 (來(lái)自磷脂，游離脂肪酸、著色劑 ) ?精煉無(wú)臭味的 (從香料和芳香物質(zhì) ,從殺蟲(chóng)劑和致癌物質(zhì)清洗出來(lái)的精煉油 )。 Sunflower oil, alongside other vegetable oils, possesses a number of useful properties which make its consumption a lot more preferable than consumption of animal fat. 向日葵花油與其他植物油一樣，擁有許多有益的特性，比很多動(dòng)物脂肪消耗的更多。在烏克蘭 , 食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)主要分布在有豐富水體網(wǎng)絡(luò)的西部和西南部。 wastewater purification。FOOD INDUSTRY WASTEWATER TREATMENT 食品工業(yè) 污水 處理 Abstract The purpose of the present study is to assess the condition of wastewaters pertaining to the production of cooking oil and to develop an effective and lowcost method for purification of wastewaters and utilisation of other oil productionrelated wastes which would ply with environmental safety requirements. It was made a quality assessment in terms of content of polluting substances of cooking oilproduction wastewater. For identification of fat content (phospholipids) of wastewaters, the thinlayer chromatography method was applied. The basis of the proposed method for purification of wastewaters was a preliminary separation of clarified and neutralized wastewater by dint of calcium carbonate, subsequently sodium hypochlorite for water clarification and its additional neutralization was used. The presented method allows reaching a high degree of wastewater purification, being effective and lowcost. 摘要 本研究的目的是評(píng)估 生產(chǎn)食用油 污水 的情況和制定一個(gè)有效的、低成本的凈化方法 ，在遵守環(huán)保安全要求的情況下 利用其他含油污水和含油廢棄物，旨在按照質(zhì)量來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)烹調(diào) 產(chǎn)生的油類(lèi)污水 。 wastewater treatment 關(guān)鍵詞 :食用油生產(chǎn) 污水 ；磷脂；薄層色譜法；污水凈化；污水處理 One of the main tendencies of development of food industry in the 21st century is the creation of useful and healthy products, the socalled functional food products. A specific feature of such products is that they contain ingredients which, besides their traditional nutrient and energys upplying function, also possess a range of specific physiological functions which help human organism to bat negative influence of civilisation. 創(chuàng)造這種有用的、健康的叫做功能性食品 的產(chǎn)品在二十一世紀(jì)成為一種食品工業(yè)上的主要發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。這意味著控制排放的污水要比平時(shí)更嚴(yán)格地執(zhí)行來(lái)避免食品生產(chǎn)公司在這些 地區(qū)污染水庫(kù)。 With the purpose of further study of ecological influence of production of the cooking oil, assessment of the condition of sewage water, we shall examine the technology of oil production