【正文】 al purposes. As a result of the process described above, we have reached a pH value of , having injected g of calcium carbonate into 50 ml of wastewater. 在主要水處理 階段，使用 化學(xué)試劑的方法 ，食用油工業(yè) 污水 使用廉 價、方便的碳酸鈣 (白堊 )作為材料。由于上述的過程中 PH值達(dá)到 ，所以將 50毫升水中。實(shí)際水質(zhì)指標(biāo)就是凈化效果 。 具有很多 特別的 優(yōu)點(diǎn) ： — it can easily be conducted and its reactant supply is not expensive。 — it can be used after enhancement of existing purification facilities。同時，觀察混合表面產(chǎn)生的 鱗片 。 then airdries and inserted into the chromatographic chamber. 中和后 到達(dá) 所 需要的中性值 的 水 ， 按上述 澄清， 繼續(xù)下一步 ： 分離形成的沉積物質(zhì) ，特別是沉淀或仍殘留在上層 水中的磷脂。這證實(shí)了該技術(shù) 的有效性除去有機(jī)污染物。如果我們分析 得 到的 實(shí)驗(yàn) 數(shù)據(jù) ， 我們可以看到污染物大多集中在中和、凈化所產(chǎn)生的沉淀物中。 。 澄清的水接著進(jìn)行下一個階段的凈 化。然而，絕對重要的是這樣 凈化 的 成本 ， 特別是考慮到國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)狀。將收集到的沉淀溶解到 2毫升酒精 中 ，涂抹（數(shù)量 =50mcl）在感光片右下角；然后風(fēng)干、插入到色譜儀內(nèi)。 當(dāng)次添加氯酸鈉到預(yù)先用碳酸鈣中和的水 中， PH到達(dá) 所 需要的中性值。 Experiments were conducted using samples of wastewater, the aim of which was its purification from organic substances with the usage of active chlorine which was injected as part of sodium hypochlorite. To the initial wastewater (V = 100 ml) possessing PH value of , sodium hypochlorite had been being added until the colouring changed from darkbrown to stramineous, necessary quantity V (NaClO) = ml with concentration С (NaClO) = 10 % (vol.). Also, it is observed that flakes are formed as a result of the process taking place on the surface of the mix. These flakes subsequently deposit to the bottom. When sodium hypochlorite is added to the water which was preneutralised using calcium carbonate, the pH reaches the necessary neutral value. 實(shí) 驗(yàn)研究了 污水 樣品，目的是用含有一部分次氯酸鈉的次氯酸把有機(jī)物中提純。 — the reactant expenditure is not substantial。因此 ,該方法的基礎(chǔ)上 ,對污水的凈化 就 是初步 用碳酸鈣 分離和 沉淀， 隨后 用次氯酸鈉凈化及其中和的過程。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的主要目的 是確定 氧化劑的數(shù)量， 一方面保證氧化劑能清潔水中有機(jī)污染物，另一方面預(yù)防氧化劑過量。將 （體積 =）中 ，通入大量碳酸，觀察泡沫形成的厚層和硫酸鹽沉淀 (生產(chǎn)過程中使用的 )。 10 溶血磷脂纖維醇 。 4 卵磷脂 。 10 lysophosphatidylinositol。 4 phosphatidyl inositol。 磷脂顯示著各種 黃色的色譜圖。 在 通過 F1溶劑 后，將 感光片移開、風(fēng)干。 方法 2： 氯仿 ： 甲醇 ： 醋酸 ： 水 ； 比例 :8515103。1 攝氏度，滿滿地放入完全隔絕空氣、光照的用瓶塞塞住的瓶子；用碘量滴定的體積表示恒溫培養(yǎng)期前后的濃度；水樣的濁度用分光光度法（濁度滴定法）。1176。 15 9 PH值 mg/dm179。 15 5 干殘渣 mg/dm179。 編號 污水 指標(biāo) 品質(zhì) 計量單位 實(shí)際值 正常值 1 鐵 (總體 ) mg/dm179。 200 6 Synthetic surface active mg/dm179。 2 Ammonia mg/dm179。 Experimental part 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分 In order to design a method for purification of the aforementioned wastewaters, we have conducted a series of experimental investigation. A quality assessment (in terms of content of polluting substances) of cooking oilproduction wastewater was made using physical and chemical methods of analysis. A degree of pollution of wastewater was determined in terms of the following indicators (Table 1). 為了設(shè)計出一種凈化 上述 污水 的方法，我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了一系列的實(shí) 驗(yàn)研究。這些來自提純和精煉的車間的污水 含有大量的有機(jī)污染物 (中性脂肪、磷脂、有機(jī)酸等 )，以 懸浮液和乳濁液 的形式溶解。 As basis of our study, we have chosen the wastewaters dumped by those Ukrainian vegetable oil producing enterprises whose purification facilities are all but unused due to their technical deficiency. As a result of this, the polluted wastewaters, which do not correspond to the requirements of the Law of Ukraine ―About protection of environment‖ and ―Regulations for Protection of Surface Waters from Wastewater Pollution‖, are dumped into open water bodies. As of today, the main problem of such facilities is the vast amount of wastewaters which are discharged in the process of production. These wastewaters flowing from extraction and refinement workshops are heavily polluted with organic substances (neutral fats, phospholipids, organic acids etc), both in dissolved condition and in the form of suspended solids and emulsion. It is not possible to dump such wastewaters into open water bodies without prior purification. The enterprise regarded it as economically unsound to neutralise discharges using sodium hydroxide because a lot of sodium hydroxide is needed while the water body would get even more polluted. Wastewaters are characterised by high degree of turbidity (dimness)。 這些受食用油生產(chǎn)企業(yè)產(chǎn)生的有機(jī)物污染的地表水成為重大的 生態(tài)危機(jī) 。 therefore the purification facilities which are currently in operation are unable to clean them in pliance with sanitary requirements. A significant ecological danger es from the pollution of surface waters with organic substances which the wastewaters flowing from cooking oilproducing facilities contain. These substances, when dumped into water bodies, prompt the development of deposition processes, infect water bodies with pathogenic bacteria, cause