【正文】 ask this question: We have to ask whether extremists who have killed innocent civilians in New York and in Moscow will show that same have to ask whether 10 or 20 or 50 nucleararmed nations will protect their arsenals and refrain from using ，美國和俄羅斯的幾代人繼承了可以毀滅其他國家的力量，同時也認識到使用這種力量也會造成自身的毀滅。In the last century, generations of Americans and Russians inherited the power to destroy nations, and the understanding that using that power would bring about our own 2009, our inheritance is and I don39。但我們確實有必要問這樣一個問題：我們有必要問一問，在紐約和莫斯科殺害無辜平民的極端主義分子會不會表現同樣的克制。認為擁有這些核武器就能提高自己的地位，或認為一旦確認和鑒別哪些國家可以擁有這些核武器，我們就能保護自己，都?不切實際的幻想。s two leading nuclear while I know this goal won39。盡管我知道這個目標不可能很快實現，但爭取實現這個目標可以為防止核武器擴散并避免其實際使用提供法律和道義的基礎。這個條約將大大減少我們的彈頭和運載系統(tǒng)的數量。s why we should be united in opposing North Korea39。不論美國還是俄羅斯，我們兩國都不可能從東亞和中東的核武器競賽中獲益。s about the responsibilities of all we fail to stand together, then the NPT and the Security Council will lose credibility, and international law will give way to the law of the that benefits no I said in Prague, rules must be binding, violations must be punished, and words must mean ，而是涉及到所有國家的責任。The successful enforcement of these rules will remove causes of know Russia opposes the planned configuration for missile defense in my administration is reviewing these plans to enhance the security of America, Europe and the I39。為了加強美國、歐洲和全世界的安全，本屆政府正在審議有關計劃。這符合我們的共同利益。Islamabad and Kabul。這些極端主義分子在安曼和巴厘島殺人；在伊斯蘭堡和喀布爾殺人；他們的手上也沾滿美國人和俄羅斯人的血。s why I39。我們不謀求建立基地，也不希望控制這些國家。現在，我們應該為實現另一種前途攜手努力 ── 我們不再進行以往的大規(guī)模競賽，同時努力解決當前的沖突，讓我們都為中亞的安全做貢獻。這些原則應該運用到所有的國家——其中包括格魯吉亞和烏克蘭。m sure that you39。我不知道是否還有其他人像我一樣在同窗讀書時遇到未來的妻子或丈夫，不過我肯定你們都會有美好的前途。(掌聲)我感謝新經濟學院院長謝爾蓋(掌聲)學院董事會成員兼校友會會長阿爾卡季我非常榮幸能參加新經濟學院的這次活動。s timeless writers have helped us understand the plexity of the human experience, and recognize eternal painters, posers, and dancers have introduced us to new forms of scientists have cured disease, sought new frontiers of progress, and helped us go to ，新經濟學院是一個年輕的院校，但今天我心懷對俄羅斯不朽的傳統(tǒng)的高度敬重之情對你們發(fā)表講話。These are contributions that are not contained by Russia39。ve been enriched by Russian culture, and enhanced by Russian as a resident of Washington, ., I continue to benefit from the contributions of Russiansspecifically, from Alexander 39。作為首都華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū)的居民，我繼續(xù)獲得俄羅斯人的貢獻帶來的惠益──特別是因為亞力山大re poised to be leaders in academia and industry。正如普希金所說，“靈感對于幾何學，如同靈感對于詩歌一樣必不可少。Like President Medvedev and myself, you39。上一個世紀意識形態(tài)的壁壘大致依舊。如今毫無疑問的是：這個變革并非由任何一個單獨的國家引發(fā)。t always work out exactly as in 1993, shortly after this school opened, one NES student summed up the difficulty of change when he told a reporter, and I quote him: “The real world is not so rational as on paper.” The real world is not so rational as on ，人們產生種種殷切的期待── 希望實現和平與繁榮；建立國家間的新秩序，以及為個人提供新機會。他說道：“現實的世界并不像書本上那樣理性。雖然創(chuàng)造出巨額財富，但它并未消除遍布四方的極度貧困。一個擁有電腦的人可以擁有與俄羅斯國家圖書館（Russian State Library）等量的信息，但這種技術也可被用于制造嚴重傷害。但俄羅斯人民顯示了堅韌不拔的力量，作出了犧牲，通過經濟增長取得了來之不易的進步，并且增強了信心。這個在西方支持下成立的學院如今具有鮮明的俄羅斯特色，成為從事研究與探索的學府；在這里，檢驗一個理念的標準不在于它是俄羅斯的、美國的、還是歐洲的，而是看它是否行得通。想一想在這個學院剛成立時所提出的一些基本問題：俄羅斯將有什么樣的未來？俄羅斯和美國將有什么樣的共同未來？會有什么樣的世界秩序取代冷戰(zhàn)？對這些問題仍然沒有明確的答案，因此它們必須由你們來回答——由在俄羅斯、美國和全世界的你們這一代人來回答。這一信念植根于我們對俄羅斯人民的尊敬以及兩國間超越競爭關系的共同歷史。”So as we honor this past, we also recognize the future benefit that will e from a strong and vibrant of the issues that will define your lives: security from nuclear weapons and extremism。想一想這些將決定你們生活的問題：不受核武器和極端主義傷害；市場準入和機會；衛(wèi)生與環(huán)境；保護國家主權與人權并促進穩(wěn)定與繁榮的國際體系。有一種20世紀的觀念，認為美國與俄羅斯注定互為對手，認為一個強大的俄羅斯或強大的美國惟有在相互對立中才可顯示自己的威力。帝國可以將主權國家當棋盤上的棋子擺布的時代已經結束。s why I have called for a “reset” in relations between the United States and must be more than a fresh start between the Kremlin and the White Housethough that is important and I39。This will not be 39。s national interests, and I believe that you will see that we share mon 。我相信你們會發(fā)現我們擁有共同的基點。2009年，我們傳承的是完全不同的事物。This is the core of the nuclear challenge in the 21st notion that prestige es from holding these weapons, or that we can protect ourselves by picking and choosing which nations can have these weapons, is an the short period since the end of the Cold War, we39。如果不發(fā)生根本性的變化，我們中間有誰真正相信今后20年不會出現核武器的進一步擴散？That39。這與我們在《不擴散核武器條約》(Nuclear NonProliferation Treaty)中作出的承諾相一致。re already taking important steps to build this , President Medvedev and I made progress on negotiating a new treaty that will substantially reduce our warheads and delivery renewed our mitment to clean, safe and peaceful nuclear energy, which must be a right for all nations that live up to their responsibilities under the we agreed to increase cooperation on nuclear security, which is essential to achieving the goal of securing all vulnerable nuclear material within four 。我們同意加強在核安全問題上的合作，這對于達到在四年內保障所有危險核材料的安全的目標至關重要。s efforts to acquire a nuclear I39。我感到高興的是，梅德韋杰夫總統(tǒng)和我同意對彈道導彈問題──21世紀彈道導彈構成的挑戰(zhàn)，包括來自伊朗和北韓的威脅──聯合進行威脅評估。這對任何人都沒有好處。s nuclear and ballistic missile program is eliminated, the driving force for missile defense in Europe will be eliminated, and that is in our mutual 。事實上，我希望與俄羅斯在導彈防御框架的問題上相互合作，從而加強我們大家的安全。s most dangerous weapons, a second area where America has a critical national interest is in isolating and defeating violent ，美國具有重大國家利益的第二個問題是孤立并戰(zhàn)勝暴力極端主義分子。re plotting to kill more of our people, and they benefit from safe havens that allow them to train and operateparticularly along the border of Pakistan and ，“基地”組織及其附庸褻瀆了一個代表和平與正義的偉大宗教，殘酷無情地殺害各種國籍和各種信仰的男子、婦女和兒童。And that39。s time to work together on behalf of a different futurea future in which we leave behind the great game of the past and the conflict of the present。正是因為這個原因，我對俄羅斯允許美國經貴國領土為我們的盟軍運送物資感到高興。re pursuing the goal of two states, Israel and Palestine, living in peace and 39。我們正在與世界各地的穆斯林進行伙伴合作，以推進教育、衛(wèi)生和經濟發(fā)展。今天有如此眾多的經濟學家和未來的工商界人士在場，我知道這是你們很關心的問題。In America, we39。雖然這場危機顯示出變化帶來的風險，但是機會遠大于風險。s a new market for our goods。一位在北京創(chuàng)立公司的實業(yè)家可以讓生意走向世界。我們可以發(fā)展自由、公平的貿易，與世界更廣大地區(qū)融合；我們可以推動投資，給兩國創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會；我們可以在能源領域發(fā)展伙伴關系，不僅調動石油和天然氣等傳統(tǒng)資源，而且開發(fā)新能源，帶動增長，應對氣候變化。it39。調動這項資源的國家將是一個成功的國家。這并不是美國的理念或俄羅斯的理念──這是人以及國家在21世紀的成功