【正文】
spects, such as food, symbols, activity, extract the main body of the article, through level can make descriptive text clear line and color bee no longer dry, effectively reduce the students39。 mind maps mainly focus on the key knowledge points, do not need to waste time on those irrelevant save valuable learning mind map, on the other hand, through effective organization and the establishment of the conceptual framework of conceptual meaning to bee a powerful mnemonic the students39。Primary school English。關(guān)鍵詞:思維導(dǎo)圖;小學(xué)英語(yǔ);教學(xué)工具;應(yīng)用Abstract: this paper analyzes the mind mapping as a teaching tool applied in the primary school English classroom teaching advantages, bined with the subject line to guide practice, through the concrete teaching case a mind map is discussed in the review import, word study, collaboration, munication, topic position, rapid reading review teaching links such as teaching contents, operation methods, trying to find an effective way for primary school English classroom teaching words: mind map。s in the interface design and graphic library content give full consideration to the cognitive characteristics of equipped with voice prompt in English, is suitable for students learning , analysis of the advantages of mind mapping as a teaching tool the key and effective mnemonic, improve the learning efficiency on the one hand, the learners39。 imagination and students to form a system of learning and thinking habits, met cognitive skills we know that met cognition is the cognition of cognition, specifically is learners39。 answer the relevant key words written on the blackboard, gradually rich mind mapping branch.(4)Students watch about Halloween Flash animation, image, intuitive understanding of the Halloween, master the ghost and witch the significance of these two words.(5)through the animation intuitive perception after Halloween, the students read the text again, try to answer this question: What do people do on Halloween? Students39。Teachers according to the student record production steps of key words on the blackboard, such as: cut the top off, carve a face, clean out the seeds, put a based inside and light it.(7)students plete the text after reading tasks, teachers will connect the contents of the blackboard with colored chalk, pletion of this class of mind mapping(see figure 1).Then, teachers guide students according to the mind map, with the help of the keywords try to describe the 1(8)before the end of this lesson, the teacher guides the student to observe blackboard writing content, understand the method of making the mind map in the process of reading, and talking about holiday topic might involve content。Then, the students read the text of Thanksgiving, reference Halloween, mind mapping, will own a preliminary understanding of the text structure and content in the form of a mind map the process of students39。t read or don39。t clearly analysis the structure of the text., as most students retelling is in accordance with order to recite the text, mainly because the students understanding of meaning and purpose of mind map production is not clear, can39。t make a mind map.(4)Students afterschool practice independently, and then in the kernel of the whole class the answer.(5) homework of this class include two parts: one is to listen to the tape to read the text。t show in the the second class teaching, the author to lead the students to read the text first 1 ~ 2 times, to help students fully familiar with the text content, vocabulary barrier for subsequent repeat activities。After reading, can let students sharing and munication within the team, at this time the teacher use mind maps to present the answer in the multimedia courseware of keywords, help students bing knowledge。 interest in learning, to improve the students39。然而在傳統(tǒng)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中長(zhǎng)期存在著“重知識(shí)講授,輕能力培養(yǎng)”的現(xiàn)象,經(jīng)常是教師“獨(dú)霸課堂”,而學(xué)生則成為被動(dòng)的課堂配角。為了充分發(fā)揮合作課堂的優(yōu)勢(shì),教師在實(shí)際教學(xué)中要精心設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際教學(xué)活動(dòng),力求把學(xué)生的“交往活動(dòng)”即“合作學(xué)習(xí)”融入到語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)中。由于閱讀的前提條件是激活學(xué)生已有的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和文化背景知識(shí),通過(guò)思維導(dǎo)圖討論,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生調(diào)用已有的認(rèn)知圖式,進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí),更充分全面地激活舊知識(shí),分類已有的知識(shí),為新知做好鋪墊。因此,英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)中,教師要充分利用思維導(dǎo)圖發(fā)展學(xué)生的閱讀思維。小組內(nèi)每個(gè)成員負(fù)責(zé)一段教材的教學(xué)活動(dòng),通過(guò)相互教授和討論,使全組人員得以學(xué)習(xí)整篇文章的內(nèi)容。所謂信息差就是人們對(duì)事物或人了解、知曉的程度存在著差距。這樣可以在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)充分調(diào)動(dòng)每一個(gè)學(xué)生參與到閱讀和口語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,所有Jigsaw Reading 教學(xué)法是一個(gè)把英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)和口語(yǔ)教學(xué)相結(jié)合的好方法。它是將枯燥、單調(diào)的文字信息,以多彩的顏色、圖形、代碼、符號(hào)等多種元素形象化表征出來(lái),激發(fā)聯(lián)想,擴(kuò)展想象,將放射狀思維過(guò)程和結(jié)果變?yōu)榭梢暬墓ぞ?。?013年12月—2014年6月)1.準(zhǔn)備階段():申報(bào)課題,確定研究思路,搜集有關(guān)資料,進(jìn)行理論學(xué)習(xí),起草研究方案。(2)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法:通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,了解學(xué)校英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀并分析其形成原因,不斷探究改革課堂教學(xué)的策略。它是一種非常有用的圖形技術(shù),是打開(kāi)大腦潛能的萬(wàn)用鑰匙。思維導(dǎo)圖的核心就是把形象思維與抽象思維很好地結(jié)合起來(lái),將你的思維痕跡用圖畫(huà)和線條形成發(fā)散性的結(jié)構(gòu)。思維導(dǎo)圖是兒童喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的形式,與兒童的心態(tài)很接近,兒童對(duì)世間事物的天生夸張、取舍能力與漫畫(huà)的造型要求不謀而合。思維導(dǎo)圖將人類不同智能串聯(lián)起來(lái),在不同智能之間形成有聯(lián)系的、可聯(lián)想的記憶鏈條,這讓孩子在記憶某些東西時(shí)很容易由此及彼產(chǎn)生聯(lián)想,其記憶效果遠(yuǎn)比死記硬背要好得多。這也加速了將語(yǔ)言知識(shí)內(nèi)化的過(guò)程,增大了自動(dòng)化輸出的機(jī)會(huì)。(1)讓學(xué)生自己選定一個(gè)話題。(4)學(xué)生嘗試把思維導(dǎo)圖作一線性的連貫陳述,確定最佳陳述順序。另一方面,畫(huà)圖過(guò)程中形成清晰的思維鏈條,促使學(xué)生總結(jié)運(yùn)用知識(shí)點(diǎn)的能力。六、研究問(wèn)題與反思:(1)問(wèn)題:在研究過(guò)程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)由于部分學(xué)生自覺(jué)性差,故在思維導(dǎo)圖運(yùn)用中存在著低效現(xiàn)象,英語(yǔ)成績(jī)沒(méi)有明顯進(jìn)步。思維導(dǎo)圖作為一種思維工具可以提高小學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣、思維能力和英語(yǔ)綜合運(yùn)用能力。文獻(xiàn)分析表明,目前已有?^多關(guān)于思維導(dǎo)圖在大學(xué)、高中和初中英語(yǔ)等方面的研究,但其在小學(xué)英語(yǔ)層面的研究卻明顯不足。也就是說(shuō),思維導(dǎo)圖是一種記筆記的方法,它和以往記筆記的方法不同,是用圖形和文字的方式記錄的,并且思維導(dǎo)圖是一種頭腦風(fēng)暴式的、創(chuàng)新性的記錄方式,將以前以線性的純文字的記錄方式改為一種非線性的圖形加文字的記錄方式,既能節(jié)約時(shí)間,又能增強(qiáng)記憶的效率,還有利于創(chuàng)新能力的提高。在小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,教師可以采用思維導(dǎo)圖的形式把與主題相關(guān)的詞匯呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生,這樣不僅有利于學(xué)生的理解,也有利于他們進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí),并提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率。從而有效提高學(xué)生對(duì)于文章的理解能力,提高英語(yǔ)教學(xué)效率。同時(shí)學(xué)生可以利用思維導(dǎo)圖構(gòu)建起自己大腦中的文章知識(shí)框架,從而更好地理解短文中的內(nèi)容,提高學(xué)生的綜合理解能力。這樣就解決了學(xué)生不知道寫(xiě)什么的問(wèn)題以及如何寫(xiě)的問(wèn)題。3結(jié)論思維導(dǎo)圖把枯燥的信息變得易于理解和記憶,不僅為課堂注入新鮮元素,提升教學(xué)趣味性和有效性,而且可以提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和思考的參與度,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力和創(chuàng)新想象力,優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)策略,符合素質(zhì)教育的理念。在小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中巧妙運(yùn)用思維導(dǎo)圖,可以有效培養(yǎng)和激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,并可培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的能力提高教學(xué)的質(zhì)量。博贊于20世紀(jì)60年代提出的。而思維導(dǎo)圖的最初靈感也正是源于大腦神經(jīng)元,因此是大腦思維的真實(shí)體現(xiàn)。與此同時(shí),思維導(dǎo)圖中的中心圖像連接的不僅有主要分支,同時(shí)依次有二級(jí)分支以及三級(jí)分支,層次十分清晰。幫助學(xué)生把新知識(shí)納入或同化到原有的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)中,加速知識(shí)獲得的過(guò)程;由于思維導(dǎo)圖具有重點(diǎn)突出、層次分明、聯(lián)想豐富的特點(diǎn),它又是一個(gè)有力的助記工具,它將知識(shí)模塊化,引導(dǎo)記憶系統(tǒng)層次地、分段地組織信息,改變了以往機(jī)械記憶效果差,容易使學(xué)生感到疲勞的弊端,使學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容進(jìn)入學(xué)生的長(zhǎng)期記憶,達(dá)到不易忘記,容易提取的效果;由于思維導(dǎo)圖具有的發(fā)散性特征,能夠激活語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中探索、挖掘式的高級(jí)思維模式,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)、創(chuàng)造性學(xué)習(xí)、通過(guò)合作對(duì)話進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí),分享集體智慧,獲得愉悅的認(rèn)知體驗(yàn)。下圖是關(guān)于“Food”這個(gè)單詞思維導(dǎo)圖的實(shí)例,通過(guò)發(fā)散思維及老師的引導(dǎo)讓學(xué)生聯(lián)想到更多的詞匯用于幫助學(xué)生記憶,擴(kuò)充學(xué)生的詞匯量,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言能力。經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的訓(xùn)練,大部分學(xué)生都能夠做得很好。Dragon boat festivalEatRice dumplingFruitsDoWatch the Dragon Boat RaceWhenOn the fifth day of the fifth lunar monthReasonRemember the famous poet Qu Yuan在寫(xiě)作教學(xué)中運(yùn)用思維導(dǎo)圖英文寫(xiě)作對(duì)于剛剛接觸寫(xiě)作不久的小學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),難度是非